Research And Design Of Microwave And Terahertz Polarized Antennas

Wireless communication technology from the universal coverage of 5G wireless transmission technology to 6G is just around the corner,microwave and millimeter wave bands are used in wireless communication,radar imaging and other systems with the advantages of broadband and small wavelength.Compared with traditional antennas,microwave polarized antennas have omnidirectional radiation performance and less electromagnetic interference,in addition to its high impedance bandwidth,high gain,low cross-polarization,high isolation and other good performance,dual-polarized antennas are usually used in MIMO wireless access points and CPE equipment.In today's terahertz detection research is gradually deepening,terahertz antenna research also gradually becomes the focus,the size of the antenna and wavelength into a certain proportional relationship,compared to microwave and millimeter wave,the antenna used in the terahertz band is smaller,processing accuracy requirements are higher,electromagnetic wave penetration ability is stronger,so the terahertz detection system has higher sensitivity.The structure size of the on-chip antennas in the terahertz band is below millimeter,so the transmit and receive polarization antennas can be integrated with the oscillator and mixer circuits inside the chip,respectively,resulting in highly integrated,miniaturized and portable detection devices.The specific research work in this paper is as follows.(1)The theory of microstrip polarized antenna is outlined and the method to improve the miniaturization and broadband of polarized antenna is studied.The microwave polarized antenna design part is based on FR4 dielectric substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 as dielectric material for microwave band antenna,the line polarized fractal iterative antenna and circular slot dual polarized antenna are designed based on circular radiating patch,the bandwidth of antenna is increased by opening circular slot,the miniaturization of antenna is achieved while widening the antenna bandwidth,and the fractal iterative model is used on the basis of circular slot antenna.The circular dual-polarized antenna is designed based on circular radiating patch,based on circular radiating dual-feed,the antenna is optimized by opening the slot as well as increasing the air layer to increase the bandwidth of the antenna and the isolation of the antenna,and the designed circular slot dual-polarized antenna uses a double-layer dielectric plate to improve the isolation of the dualport antenna.(2)Terahertz on-chip polarization antenna is designed based on rectangular radiating patch using TSMC 40 nm CMOS process for rectangular dual-fed polarization antenna and rectangular gap slot quadrature polarization antenna.The resonant frequency point of the on-chip dualpolarized antenna is optimized by HFSS simulation in the range of 150GHz-160 GHz,and the adjacent two sides of the microstrip patch are fed simultaneously to excite two equal amplitude and same phase,and the polarization direction is mutually perpendicular to the fed fundamental modes-TM10 and TM01,and to excite two polarization quadrature modes.The two dipole slots form a pair of circularly polarized line polarization waves orthogonal to each other in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction,respectively.(3)Based on the above designed microwave polarized antenna and terahertz on-chip polarized antenna,two different frequency band polarized antenna designs are analyzed and compared,mainly from the three aspects of the antenna's dielectric size design,the connection difference between the performance and the application of the two polarized antennas are compared and outlined.