Research And Improvement Of The Proof-of-work Consensus Algorithm

With the rapid development of digital finance,countries have accelerated their research on digital currencies.How to generate a stable digital currency that is safe and convenient,cost-controllable,fast in transactions,and highly anonymous has become the key for governments to occupy the commanding heights of the financial sector.As the core technology of digital currency,blockchain technology is widely used in data traceability,internet of things,finance,privacy protection and other fields,providing users with a trusted channel to transmit financial and other private information in unknown networks.The intricate network has a high degree of anonymity and randomness.The authenticity of the information transmitted between nodes is difficult to identify.In order to ensure the consistency of the information transmitted,blockchain technology needs an excellent consensus algorithm.Bitcoin as the origin of blockchain technology,uses a proof-of-work consensus algorithm that is more representative than other consensus algorithms.This article mainly research and improve the core algorithm of bitcoin — the proof-of-work consensus algorithm.Aiming at the proof-of-work consensus algorithm used by bitcoin,there are problems such as low throughput of processing transactions,waste of computing power and centralization,etc.research and improvement,and propose a new consensus mechanism with high efficiency and fairness——the primary and secondary two-level blocks consensus algorithm.Based on the proof-of-work consensus algorithm,this paper introduces a two-level block structure to improve transaction throughput efficiency.The choice of the main block is similar to the proof-of-work consistency algorithm,while the choice of the secondary block introduces the hash consistency algorithm to reduce waste and concentrate computing power.Implement a consensus mechanism on the public chain.Through various open test environments,it is verified that the primary and secondary two-level blocks consensus algorithms are superior to the proof-of-work consensus algorithm,and the consensus mechanism can meet the expected design requirements.In the throughput experiment,when 8 nodes participate in the consensus,the average transaction throughput of the primary and secondary teo-level blocks consensus algorithm is 925.19 transactions/sec,which is about 3.35 times that of the proof-of-work consensus algorithm(275.76 transactions/sec);In the experiment of computing power consumption,the CPU occupancy rate is used to test the computing power consumption.The primary and secondary two-level blocks consensus algorithm is about 50%,the proof-of-work consensus algorithm is about 90%,and the CPU occupancy rate of the former is significantly less than The latter;in the fairness experiment,nodes with mediocre computing power can get rewards on the secondary chain,and each node can generate blocks on average,which effectively reduces the phenomenon of centralization of computing power and has better fairness.Through the primary and secondary two-level blocks,the efficiency of the consensus mechanism for processing transactions is increased,the computing power is saved,and the centralization phenomenon is reduced,making the consensus process faster,more stable,and fair.In the primary and secondary two-level blocks consensus algorithm proposed in this article,there are many ways to improve the consensus process.This article only serves as an ideological guide,in the subsequent research process,new and different attempts can be made for different applications.Not only the existing consensus algorithm of financial digital currency,but also various fields such as the Internet of things and data traceability can be improved,and there may be different discoveries.