The Study On Public Blockchain Consensus Algorithm With Anti-Local Centralization And Weight Adjustment

Blockchain is the underlying technology of digital cryptocurrency system represented by bitcoin.Because it has advantages in decentralization,security,credibility,non-tamperability and collective maintenance,blockchain technology has received widespread attention and research in various fields.Consensus algorithm is the most important component of the blockchain technology system,which directly determines the performance of the blockchain system.Based on the analysis of many current existing public blockchain consensus algorithms,this paper has made two improvements for the traditional proof of work consensus algorithm responding to different application scenarios.The main research contents and innovations are concluded as follows:(1)Aiming at the serious local centralization problem in the current public blockchain system,this paper proposes a PMW consensus algorithm based on the characteristic of memory dependency.The core concept of the PMW is to add an extra step of reading data from memeory during the mining process of the traditional POW algorithm.It makes the mining process determined by factors of computing power and memory performance,which reduces the correlation between mining results and computing power.This paper compares the PMW consensus algorithm with the traditional POW consensus algorithm via the average block rate change and the block distribution Gini coefficient.The simulation results show that PMW consensus algorithm has superiority in anti-local centralization.(2)Aiming at the simplification problem of transaction processing priority in the current public blockchain system,a PWW consensus algorithm based on transaction weight is proposed.Firstly,achieving accurate quantization of the weight value of new blocks by introducing the concept of transaction weight.Then adjusting the mining difficulty dynamically according to the block weight values,and motivate the miners to process transaction with higher weight preferentially,which makes the public blockchian meet the needs of real scenes.This paper shows the adjustable weight characteristics of the PWW consensus algorithm by comparing average output block rate on four different transaction data sets.(3)Based on the above two proposed consensus algorithms,this paper builds an application model for the medical data sharing scenario and distributed energy trading scenario respectively.Firstly,aiming at the information island and data tampering problems in the traditional centralized medical data management system,proposing a medical data sharing scheme based on PMW consensus algorithm,which ensures the security and traceability in the data sharing process by fully using the characteristics of anti-local centralization of PMW algorithm.Secondly,aiming at abandoning wind and light phenomenon in energy trading scenario,this paper propose an energy blockchain network model by taking full use of weight adjustment advantage in the PWW consensus algorithm,ensuring that clean energy is processed preferentially in distributed energy trading,and meeting the needs of environment-friendly power generation.