Blockchain-based Auditing Scheme For Cross-domain Data Sharing

Since the beginning of 2020,many countries and territories around the world has been affected by COVID-19,the disease caused by the coronavirus.The Chinese government launched the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism in response to the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.The data has been widely used in health risk analysis,evaluation,decisionmaking and prevention and control,which played a decisive role in the war against COVID-19 epidemic.Meanwhile,the data helps enterprises resume work and resume production for ensuring the smooth operation of social economy.In the fight against the coronavirus COVID-19,we can see that data has played an important role in both the government operations and our social and economic life.The demand for data sharing will increase and the potential value of the data resources will also be greatly improved in the future.However,due to the differences in concept and level of informatization development,there are still many contradictions and difficulties in the process of data sharing: Firstly,there is much ambiguity in the subject of data resources.As functional agencies of the government,the data of all departments should be open to each other between departments.However,due to different rights,responsibilities and perspectives of interests,it is difficult to fully realize the open sharing of these data.Secondly,there are differences in the ways of storing data resources.Some grassroots institutions have a low degree of data standardization.A lot of data is even collected manually and stored in the form of paper.There are also many barriers in data sharing due to the lack of data structure and interface standards even in the areas with a high degree of informatization.Thirdly,there are many uncertainties in the process of sharing data resources.For example,the epidemic data involves multi-sectoral collaboration,including the privacy,business secrets and sensitive information of individuals,enterprises and institutions.Ensuring that these data are not abused,tampered,damaged or leaked in the data sharing process has become a major issue for regulatory authorities.Therefore,it is important and meaningful to learn how to promote the sharing of data resources in various organizations,eliminate the possible gaps and enhance the supervision during the data sharing process.Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization,non-tampering,and traceability.It has huge potential in promoting crossdomain data sharing,ensuring audit traceability and improving efficiency.Its emergence brings opportunities for us to solve the above problems.This thesis mainly studies the auditing scheme for cross-domain data sharing based on blockchain technology,with the aim of establishing a trusted sharing mechanism and enhancing supervision capabilities.The main work and contributions are as follows:1.This thesis proposes a blockchain-based auditing scheme for cross-domain data sharing.This scheme is mainly composed of blockchain network,blockchain agent and audit module.The blockchain network is composed of organizations that aim to share data resources.The blockchain agent is the main innovation point of this thesis.It integrates the fuctions of identity authentication,access control,writing to and reading from the chain.It uses FIDO and RBAC technology to implement cross-domain authentication and access control.At the same time,the blockchain agent can upload user behavior information to the blockchain and read the information from the blockchain by calling a smart contract.The audit module is designed for supervisory departments and auditors.They can audit and analyze the user's operation behavior in the cross-domain data access process.2.We implement the prototype system and test its performance.By using the technology of Hyperledger Fabric,Java,database,etc.,we implement the blockchain network,blockchain proxy,and audit module.After that,we test the system functions and the blockchain network separately.The test results show that the system is secure,extendable and dependable.Our scheme adopts the method of "blockchain + trusted identity authentication + audit traceability",which is closely related to the technologies and theories such as trusted data sharing,data auditing and traceability,security and privacy protection,etc.It not only has a reliable performance in promoting data sharing,establishing sharing mechanisms,and improving regulatory efficiency,but also provides solutions for us to break down barriers and establish trust mechanisms in data sharing.It has wide application prospects in the field of social credit system construction,social governance system and governance capability modernization.