The Research Of Fractional Teaching In Primary Schools ——Centered On “China Social Science Excellence” (1995-2020)

As the key teaching content of primary school mathematics,fractions not only make students realize the relationship between the whole and part,but also make students feel the basic ideas and methods of mathematics,which is an indispensable part of mathematics knowledge.Since its inception in 1995,the "China Social Science Excellence" and reprinted the literature on high-quality teaching and research of primary school mathematics,playing a leading role in primary school mathematics education.Therefore,in order to inherit the teaching research and practical experience of fractional teaching,we started to study the specific content,characteristics,commonness and regularity of the relevant literature on fractional teaching in the "China Social Science Excellence" from 1995 to 2020,so as to provide reference for the practice of fractional teaching in primary schools.First,we divide the teaching process into two dimensions: "teaching" and "learning".Using literature research method,historical research method and comparative research method,according to curriculum teaching theory,This paper classifies and sorts the articles about fractional teaching in "China Social Science Excellence" from several dimensions.Based on the theory of teaching,the theory of learning and the theory of curriculum,the author makes a comparative study on the problems of concept understanding,reasoning operation,thinking training and practical application.Then summarize the relationship between the research results involved in the academic literature and the problem of fractional teaching,accurately grasp the characteristics of fractional teaching and cognitive development.Based on the above research,this paper draws the following conclusions:in the four teaching aspects of fraction:(1)In the teaching of fraction concept,the origin and nature of the concept,the mathematical thinking and methods reflected,and the corresponding teaching methods are studied in detail;(2)In the teaching of fractional intuitive demonstration,the research on the method of intuitive demonstration is strengthened and a variety of teaching methods are provided;(3)The teaching of fractional operation studies the teaching strategies and learning strategies;(4)The teaching of fractional problem solving pays attention to the method of problem solving and at the same time gives consideration to the cultivation of students' ability and accomplishment;The six steps involved in fractional teaching article are as follows:(1)Teaching preparation: preparing students,understanding students' learning,respecting students' cognitive development level,and differentiating treatment;In preparing the teaching content,we should pay attention to the integrity and accuracy of knowledge and strengthen the connection between new knowledge and old knowledge.In the aspect of teachers' own ability,let teachers know their own shortcomings to supplement,develop personal characteristics of teaching,improve teaching quality;(2)Analysis of teaching content: according to the students' situation,the requirements of the curriculum standard and the teachers' own situation,and then the analysis of the content.And the teaching knowledge of the in-depth excavation,comparison of the content arrangement of different textbooks,so as to deepen the understanding and application of textbooks;(3)Selection of teaching methods: in the traditional teaching methods,innovation,specific content specific analysis,combined with modern means,flexible use of teaching methods;(4)Teaching design and implementation: determine the student situation,course objectives,teaching content,teaching methods,to design teaching activity design.In the design process,we should not only follow the basic rules and principles of teaching,but also respect students' learning rules;(5)Teaching reflection: in the process of reflection,we should not only think from the teachers themselves,but also strengthen students' reflection and evaluation of their own learning;(6)About student learning: in the teaching process,specially into the attention to students' learning,from teaching preparation,teaching methods,teaching design steps specially to strengthen the factors of students.