A Comparative Study On The Difficulty Of The New Edition Of Geography Textbooks For Senior Middle Schools ——Take The First Volume Of Senior High School Geography Of The People's Education Edition And The Zhongtu Edition As An Exam

With the promulgation of "Geography Curriculum Standards for Ordinary Senior High Schools(2017 Edition,2020 Revision)",the National Textbook Review Committee reviewed and approved five new versions of geography textbooks.In this paper,the first volume of high school geography textbooks published in 2019,People's Education Edition and Chinese Library Edition,are taken as the research objects,the difficulty of geography textbooks is taken as the research content,literature analysis,comparative research and other research methods,cognitive development theory and multiple intelligences theory are taken as the research theories,and a quantitative study on the difficulty of geography textbooks is made based on the static difficulty evaluation model,with a view to providing reference suggestions for users,writers and researchers.This is not only conducive to the understanding and application of the new textbook by geography teaching workers,but also can enrich and enrich the difficulty evaluation theory of senior high school geography textbooks.There are two results in this paper.First,the construction of the difficulty model of geography textbooks in senior high schools.According to the arrangement style and content analysis of textbooks,different content dimensions are divided.By directly quoting or improving existing difficulty models,four quantitative models of content difficulty are constructed,including knowledge content difficulty model,inquiry content difficulty model,exercise content difficulty model and knowledge window content difficulty model.It is the conclusion of the difficulty comparison between the two versions of textbooks.Content Difficulty: The content breadth of the two versions is larger than the General High School Geography Curriculum Standard,and the depth of the three versions is similar.The final result of difficulty calculation is that the Chinese Library Version is the largest,followed by People's Education Version,and finally the General High School Geography Curriculum Standard.Content difficulty: the breadth and depth of PEP and Chinese library version are similar,and the final result of difficulty calculation is that Chinese library version is larger;Content difficulty of exercises: The two versions of textbooks are similar in three factors:background materials,knowledge content and reasoning level.The difficulty of the Chinese version in question-setting and cognitive level is greater than that of the People's Education Edition,and the final result of difficulty calculation is that the Chinese version is larger.Content Difficulty of Knowledge Window: The knowledge windows of the two versions of senior high school geography textbooks are consistent in breadth and depth,that is,the Chinese version is larger.The final result of calculation difficulty is that the Chinese version is larger.Based on the research results,the following suggestions are given to the users of geography textbooks:(1)Respect the standards of geography curriculum and use textbooks skillfully;(2)Based on students' cognitive foundation,flexibly adjust the teaching difficulty;(3)Make good use of dialectical consciousness and integrate teaching content.Suggestions are given to the writers of geography textbooks as follows:(1)Closely follow the curriculum standards and optimize the textbooks;(2)Taking the core literacy of geography as the starting point,integrating knowledge presentation;(3)Enrich problem scenarios and cultivate comprehensive ability;(4)Set exercise gradient skillfully and increase unit exercises;(5)Pay attention to the development of the times and promote all-round development.