Research On The Development Of Historical Thinking Ability In British "The Schools History Project" Textbooks

As the core of the ability of historical discipline,the ability of historical thinking plays an important role in the cultivation of students' key comencies and key abilities in the new era.The cultivation of historical thinking ability in British history education is gradually changing with the curriculum reform of British history.In the 1960 s,the history subject with independent subject status was impacted by the comprehensive subject,other humanities subjects and the traditional history teaching idea,so the students regarded the history subject as a boring subject.At this time,the history subject encountered an unprecedented crisis.Under this background,some British history educators put forward the idea of "new History",which promoted the reform of history subject in the aspects of educational purpose,teaching content and teaching method.History teaching aimed at cultivating students' historical thinking ability gradually appeared at this time.With the continuous deepening of the curriculum reform,on the basis of absorbing the concept of "Schools Council History 13-16 Project",in 1991,Britain formally promulgated the National Curriculum Standard of History.In order to better adapt to the development of the times and the actual situation of British history teaching,Britain has revised the history curriculum standard many times.Generally speaking,the ability goal in the British National Curriculum Standard is more and more rich and rigorous,and more and more advocates the students' ability to think,analyze and solve problems independently.Textbooks are one of the important resources of teaching.The in-depth study of textbooks is helpful to further understand the relevant educational concepts and promote the development of practical teaching.The development of British "The Schools History Project" series textbooks are closely related to the reform of British history curriculum,which can be said to be the external manifestation of British history curriculum reform.Under the influence of "New History" and curriculum reform concept,the design of this series of textbooks deeply shows the aim of cultivating historical thinking ability.The series of textbooks,whether in the title of the textbook,in the selection of textbook materials or in the question of related materials,embodies the historical thinking ability of time series,evidence,causality analysis,historical interpretation,construction of meaning,etc.Although the editor will emphasize a certain ability according to the class time and content arrangement,these key abilities are not single.They are often a whole.In their unique roles,they jointly promote students to become complete people.Through the specific case analysis of the series textbooks of "The Schools History Project" in Britain,we can clearly see the training strategies of the series textbooks for students' historical thinking ability.It includes learning historical materials,dialogue teaching,knowledge skills and understanding of key concepts.The design of this series of textbooks provides unlimited possibilities for cultivating students' thinking ability.Although there are differences in actual teaching between Britain and China,their teaching ideas and methods still have profound enlightenment to the actual teaching and even the compilation of textbooks in middle schools in China:firstly,to pursue the function of textbooks and strive to make students become the main body of learning;Secondly,optimize textbook column system to make students learn scaffolding;finally,use historical inquiry and dialogue to create opportunities for cultivating students' ability.