The History And Present Situation Of Picture Writings In Chinese Primary Schools

Pictures writing is a classic writing task and a common form of writing in Chinese primary schools.Since the curriculum reform,the curriculum standard of Chinese language has introduced the concept of "learning task group",which brings a new perspective to this conventional topic.In order to clarify the history of picture writing,and understand its task form and practice,this study collected the relevant historical materials,task materials,students writings,students' questionnaires and teachers' interviews.Through the historical study,content analysis and data analysis on the corresponding data,this study summarizes the historical evolution process of the picture writing,presents the task structure and the characteristics of the pictures,analyzes students' writing practice,and finds the differences between teachers and students in the picture selection as well as students' picture writings under two different prompts.This study finds:(1)Influenced by the "children-centered" educational concept,picture writing first appeared in the 1920 s,and then the curriculum standard included it in the writing instruction of lower grades,making it the first writing task for students;(2)The task requirements of picture writing include picture instructions,writing requirements and the targeted picture.Pictures are usually single-grid or multi-grid with people or animals as the main characters.The genre of the pictures is mostly narrative,and the scenes are usually personified,exaggerated and close to students' daily life;(3)There are differences between teachers and students in the picture selections;(4)When practicing picture writings,students' handwriting,the number of words and picture comprehension can significantly predict the score of picture writing;(5)There are also differences between the students' writing on a given picture and their writing on a self-selected picture.The scores of the former are significantly higher than those of the latter in multiple dimensions.Based on the perspective of learning tasks and multimodal literacy,this study presents each section of the picture writing tasks in detail.Also,it discuss about the“children-centered” theory in narrative writing,which provides guidance and inspiration for the teaching and research of Chinese students' picture writing.