Error Analysis And Teaching Research Of Chinese Honorific On Indonesian Learners

To learn Chinese well,we not only have to comprehend the knowledge of the Chinese language but also understand the connotation of Chinese culture.For Chinese learners whose mother language is not Chinese,the difficulty faced when learning culture is much more than learning language knowledge.Acquiring Chinese culture in the non-Chinese language environment is more challenging.This thesis is focusing on discussing many types of errors in using Chinese honorific made by Indonesian students who are in the process of learning Chinese in Indonesia.This thesis is also analyzing and reviewing the language and cultural factors that cause the errors,then attempting to design the Chinese honorifics teaching for Indonesian students.To achieve the purpose of this research,the author has done three aspects of the main work.Firstly,from the Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition),it's found that there are more than three hundred honorifics found in the dictionary.Among them,there are honorifics less frequent in use nowadays.To ascertain Indonesian Chinese learners' knowledge and grasp of Chinese honorifics,based on the previous studies on honorifics,the author analyzed and compared honorifics found in the Modern Chinese Dictionary,the International Curriculum for Chinese Language Education,and the Syllabus of Graded Words and Characters for Chinese Proficiency,thus confirmed the most-frequent used honorifics.Next,the author went through five sets of textbooks widely used in Indonesian Chinese teaching and analyzed in detail the appearance and use of honorifics in these textbooks.Thirdly,using the Chinese learning situation in Budi Utama School,Yogyakarta,Indonesia as a sample,the author surveyed the students' cognition on most-frequent used honorifics and explored factors causing the errors in using the honorifics.Through analyzing the survey,the author discovered that the factors causing the errors of honorifics using are: one,negative transfer of mother tongue,words that have the same meaning in both Chinese and Indonesian,may contain honorific esteem in Chinese but don't have any in Indonesian;two,negative transfer of target language,because the learners' knowledge of Chinese language has not yet got into a certain level,they use non-honorific words to address the elders and people with the higher status;three,negative transfer of culture,there are similarities and differences in the way Chinese and Indonesian language showing respect,Indonesian learners are prone to the errors of honorific use when it comes to honorifics that are exclusively Chinese way of showing honor.To solve the errors of honorifics use and the problems in teaching Chinese honorifics to Indonesian speakers,the author believes some improvements can be done for the material,the teachers,and the students.Especially by carrying out situational teaching and making teaching material close to learners' life.Many scholars believe that the biggest problem of the teachers is they do not hold importance to teaching Chinese honorifics.However,through this thesis' survey and analysis,the author thinks that is not the case.Chinese honorifics are more challenging than other language knowledge,and because the principle of teaching Chinese as a foreign language is to teach the easy one first then the difficult one,it is natural to place Chinese honorifics after other language knowledge.Therefore,to make the Chinese honorifics and other language knowledge can be taught together,the author thinks the best way is to carry out a comprehensive Chinese teaching course used in Indonesia.Based on the error analysis of Indonesian learners' honorifics use,this thesis attempted to carry out the teaching design which is suitable for Indonesian Chinese comprehensive teaching course,to enable Indonesian Chinese learners to apprehend the actual use of Chinese honorifics more deeply and correctly,to improve their ability to express and communicate in Chinese.