Study On The Construction And Application Of Solving Model Of Chemical Process Problems In Senior High School

In the reform of chemistry curriculum,it is proposed in the chemistry curriculum standard that the chemistry proposition of college entrance examination should be oriented by the core quality of chemistry discipline,and the proposition elements of "situation","problem","knowledge" and "accomplishment" should be integrated as to test the necessary knowledge and key ability of students.The chemistry process question of the college entrance examination is evolved from the inorganic block diagram inference question.It takes the real chemical production as the situation and asks questions about the chemical knowledge involved in the chemical production process,which is the embodiment of the core accomplishment of the chemistry discipline and also conforms to the propositional trend of the current college entrance examination chemistry.However,the students have no way to analyze the chemical production process in the strange and real situation."Evidence reasoning and model cognition" is one of the important qualities of chemistry,and also an important way of thinking in chemistry.Therefore,the construction of thinking models for chemical process problems in unfamiliar situations is conducive to help students realize the structuring of knowledge and the modeling of problem solving,improve the ability to use chemical knowledge to solve practical problems,realize the importance of chemistry in life and production,and improve the core accomplishment of chemistry discipline.By sorting out the related literature of chemical process in college entrance examination,the research status of chemical process problem at home and abroad is analyzed.The concepts of chemical process,chemical process flow and model construction are defined based on the theoretical support of constructivism learning theory,problem solving theory and meaningful learning theory.On the basis of previous studies,this paper studies the current situation of high school students’ learning of chemical process problems from two aspects of teacher interview and student questionnaire survey,and obtains the obstacles and characteristics of chemical process problems.Based on the students’ learning status,the statistics of the knowledge points of the chemical process questions in the national college entrance examination of 2016-2020,and the analysis of the proposition trend,the cognitive model and the problem solving model related to it are built.Including elements and their compounds,electrochemistry,chemical process,chemical industry thought cognitive model and unfamiliar environment of chemical equation writing,condition control,chemical calculation and other problem solving models;In order to apply and test the model,a practical study on the effectiveness of the model was carried out for senior high school students.The relevant chemical production materials in the compulsory one of PEP senior high school textbook were excavated and adapted into chemical process problems.The teaching case of extracting aluminum from bauxite was designed and implemented.After practice,the students’ thinking ability to solve problems was measured by student interviews and teacher evaluation.Finally,through the model construction and practical research of the chemical process flow problems,it is found that students’ interest,initiative and thinking ability in learning chemistry have been improved to a certain extent,which indicates that the model construction is an effective learning method to promote students’ learning.Of course,in the process of research,there are still some shortcomings that need to be improved and perfected in the future.