A Comparative Study Of HPS In Senior High School Biology Textbooks Between China And The United States

HPS is the acronym for the history of science,philosophy of science and sociology of science.Nowadays,HPS science education is still a research hotspot in the field of international science education,and its purpose is to enhance the public's understanding of the nature of science.The curriculum standard of biology for senior high school(2017 Edition)requires the cultivation of students' biological core literacy,and the role of the history of biological science can not be ignored.The new generation K-12 science education standard(ngss)makes a clear division of HPS.There are many researches on HPS education and teaching,but few research results on HPS textbook analysis.There is a blank in the research on the differences between Chinese and American high school biology textbooks by using HPS scale.The power of life is a high-quality science textbook for cultivating first-class scientific talents in the United States.With the 17 th edition of the curriculum standard,biology,a new textbook in China,came into being.It is of great significance to analyze the differences between the textbooks of the two countries.Learning from foreign advanced achievements and combining with the actual situation of biology class in China,this paper makes a comparative analysis of Chinese and American textbooks,and combs and studies the content of HPS in senior high school biology textbooks of the two countries.Teachers can master the content of HPS in textbooks according to the research content,choose the teaching method of science history,and supplement and improve after class.In this paper,we choose biology,a senior high school textbook published by people's education press,the American textbook power of life,the senior high school biology curriculum standard(2017 Edition)and the new generation K-12 science education standard(ngss)as the research objects,and mainly solve the following problems: how about the selection of HPS content in senior high school biology textbooks in China and the United States? What are the differences? The research is carried out from the following aspects:(1)what are the requirements and differences of HPS content between Chinese and American high school biology curriculum standards?What is the relevance between textbooks and curriculum standards?(2)How many HPS contents are included in textbooks? Presentation mode,details,presentation section?(3)How to draw lessons from the "time axis" in American textbooks and design the local "time axis" ?In this study,literature reading method was used to develop the HPS category list.This paper mainly uses content analysis method to sort out the HPS content of high school biology textbooks in China and the United States,code statistics,and draw charts.Statistical analysis is used to analyze the similarities and differences between the textbooks of the two countries,so as to lay a theoretical and data foundation for future suggestions.The conclusions of this study are as follows(1)There is no explicit description of HPS in the 17 th edition of Chinese curriculum standard.The focus is on the relationship among science,technology and society.The content of HPS in American textbooks covers five main categories,which is consistent with the standard.(2)The main categories covered by HPS in Chinese and American textbooks are complete.There are differences in the number of five main categories between Chinese and American textbooks.Chinese textbooks contain more HPS than American textbooks.According to the proportion of main categories,the content of HPS in biology textbooks of China and the United States mainly focuses on the history of biological science and the essential main categories of scientific knowledge,while science has less impact on society.(3)The secondary categories under the main category of history of Science in the textbooks of the two countries have good integrity,covering three secondary categories.The number of the secondary categories of the essence of biological science knowledge in Chinese textbooks is relatively complete,while the integrity of the United States is deficient and unpredictable.The number of sub categories of Science in China is complete,and there is no science and ethics in the United States.The influence of scientific knowledge on society has complete sub categories.There is a lack of sub category contents of the social impact of textbooks on scientific development in both countries.(4)The sidenote column of Chinese textbooks is mainly presented,followed by the text and charts,and then the text,with no relevant tables.In the United States,the main content is text plus charts,followed by text,and the marginal columns and related charts are almost zero.In Chinese and American textbooks,HPS content description is the most long,followed by the middle and the least short.Different main categories have special cases.There are differences in layout.Chinese sidenote column is the main part,after class expansion and introduction section are involved,American textbooks are mainly text,other columns are few.(5)There are 49 knowledge points in Chinese HPS and 16 in American textbooks.China is higher than the United States.