The Impact Of Social Capital On Job Returns

From the reform and opening up to now,whether in terms of social and economic structure,or from the background of family relations,the working style of contemporary Chinese has changed completely.From "graduation distribution" and "iron rice bowl" under the planned economy to "independent employment" and "free employment".Chinese people need to use their social capital to help them find more suitable jobs.But for any employee,to find a job is only the beginning of his career;after entering the job,the return of work is also a concern for the employee,because the latter is a real career.Based on the relevant research and the survey of sample data of Chinese employees in CGSS 2015,this paper focuses on two issues: first,whether the social capital that plays a role in the process of job-hunting can help individuals get better job returns;second,how different types of social capital affect individuals to get job returns.At present,there are two theoretical perspectives between social capital and work return-"network resource theory" and "social closure theory".Comparing the perspective of "network resources" with that of "social closure",we can find that one of the main differences between the two theories is that they have different sources of social capital.From the perspective of "network resources",we think that our social capital comes from external social networks.We can use these external social capital to find those resources that are beneficial to ourselves.Correspondingly,from the perspective of "social closure",individuals form a complete closed network connection structure with their social actors.In this closure,individuals can directly Benefits in this environment.If we combine these two perspectives with the work return,in the theory of "network resources",the social capital possessed by the employee can not directly improve his work return,but can help him to obtain better work return by providing more social resources and information for the individual;in the theory of "social closure",the employee can directly obtain the closed network from his own To get help and opportunities,and then directly improve their work return.Based on the existing research results and the current employment situation of Chinese employees,this paper puts forward two hypotheses,aiming to use the cgss2015 database to study the impact of social capital held by Chinese employees on their work return.After the model construction and the interaction analysis of variables,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows: Based on the two theoretical perspectives in the existing research,this paper puts forward the hypothesis: social capital will affect the working income and job satisfaction of workers,and tests it-according to the results of regression analysis,the two hypotheses are proved.It can be understood from the following aspects:First of all,the hypothesis that "social capital will affect the working income of workers" is proved: the "closed social capital" of employees has nothing to do with their working income,while the "semi closed social capital" and "non closed social capital" of employees have something to do with their working income.Specifically,"family status" and "respondent's education level" are positively correlated with work income;"friend interaction frequency" is positively correlated with work income;"neighbor interaction frequency" is negatively correlated with work income.It can be seen that employees can help themselves to obtain higher professional income mainly by using their own network resources.Secondly,the hypothesis that "social capital will affect workers' work income" is proved in the same part: the "unclosed social capital" of the employees has nothing to do with their job satisfaction,while the "closed social capital" and "semi closed social capital" of the employees have something to do with their job satisfaction.Specifically,"family status" and "respondents' education level" are positively correlated with job satisfaction;father's occupational power is positively correlated with job satisfaction;mother's occupational power is negatively correlated with job satisfaction.The main reason for this is that: with the help of resources in "social closure",the employees can improve their living standards,and then reduce the requirements for work,which is easier to meet the work.However,there is no good explanation for the phenomenon that "the higher the occupational power of the mother,the lower the job satisfaction of the employees themselves".In general,on the basis of the existing "network resource theory" and "social closure theory",this study divides social capital into "closed social capital","semi closed social capital" and "non closed social capital",which conforms to the reality of employment return of Chinese current employees and enriches the analysis of the impact of existing research on social capital on work return.However,there are two deficiencies in this paper.One is that it can not explain the phenomenon that "the higher the occupational power of the mother is,the lower the job satisfaction of the employees themselves";the other is that the dependent variable is "the current job return of the respondents",so it is impossible to explore whether social capital will have a continuous impact on the employees.These problems need to be improved and discussed in the future.