A Cognitive Diagnostic Study On Ideal Gas Learning In High School Students

Cognitive diagnosis theory,a product of the combination of cognitive psychology and psychometrics,is the core of the new generation of test theory.In the field of education and teaching,the main research work of cognitive diagnosis theory is to explore the students' potential cognitive process or structure in specific field and try to explain the phenomenon of students' individual differences.In the field of physics,ideal gas is an important part of thermology.The study of this content is helpful to promote the formation of students' core qualities in physics,such as the construction of physical models and the establishment of physical concepts.In view of this,this paper studies the cognitive diagnosis of physical ideal gases based on the theory of cognitive diagnosis in senior high school.Firstly,through the analysis of teaching materials(people's education press version and Shanghai Science and technology education press version)and curriculum standards,combined with the analysis of expert professors,front-line teachers and students' oral reports,this paper identifies six basic cognitive attributes of high school students' learning of ideal gas from the two cognitive processing processes of "knowledge structure" and"Processing skills".Then,under the guidance of the principle of Cognitive Diagnostic test,the test materials are designed and compiled,and the Q matrix of the test is determined.358 students in 10 classes were tested,including 3 A classes,5 B classes and 2 C classes(A,B,C classes in turn according to their academic achievements).The item parameters(item P value,guessing parameter gj,error parameter sj,discrimination degree w1j and difficulty w2j)of the test items are measured and counted by actual measurement,and the quality of test items is analyzed and the reliability of test materials is determined.The completeness of the attributes is confirmed by the hierarchical regression analysis.Finally,the cognitive diagnosis DINA model was used to analyze the cognitive diagnosis of the subjects through CDM package of R software.The overall attributes and cognitive status of the subjects were obtained,and the diagnostic analysis of individual subjects was carried out.The results of the paper showed that:(1)The six cognitive attributes are the main cognitive components of ideal gas content(R2=.826).They are "ideal gas model","micro-significance of gas thermal phenomenon","ideal gas state equation"," image problem of gas state change ","determination of state parameters" and "complex state change analysis".(2)From the perspective of the mastery of attributes,there are significant differences in the overall mastery of cognitive attributes.The mastery of attributes involved in the process of "processing skills" is significantly lower than that involved in the process of "knowledge structure".The main difficulty of students is in the process of "processing skills",and there are big differences in different levels of classes(3)Students' cognitive state types are mainly concentrated on 14 types(81.27%),but the 2 kinds of cognitive states(101110),and(111111)showed the most(44.76%).(4)Using cognitive diagnostic tools can be used to analyze the cognitive diagnosis of individual subjects,to understand the cognitive status of each student,and to provide basis for individualized guidance.