Lenin's Critique Of The Russian Populist Economic Outlook And Research On Contemporary Enlightenment

Populism,as a phenomenon and trend of thought prevailing in the global scope,its occurrence and development have a great influence at home and abroad.However,the question of exploring the populism trend of thought is not a new one,but an old one in the history of the development of Marxism.As early as in Russia in the 19 th century,Lenin,the great Marxist,launched a criticism of Russian populism,revealed the essence of populism,cleared away the obstacles for the development of Marxism and found a road suitable for the development of Russia.Lenin’s profound criticism of Russian populism provides an important theoretical weapon and method guide for the correct understanding and treatment of populism in the new era,and provides an important guide for us to consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology,so it has a very important research value.Russian populism is a trend of thought that occurred in Russia in the middle of the 19 th century,aiming at promoting socialism through the non-capitalist path.Lenin divided it into two stages in his works: revolutionary populism and reformist populism.Revolutionary populism aims to achieve socialism through violent revolution,while reformist populism advocates the path of reform to achieve social change.In the 1870 s,the rapid development of Russian capitalism and the gradual disintegration of the village community had become the reality of Russian development,and the weakness and compromise of the reformist populism had been fully exposed.They argued that the development of capitalist economy in Russia was "artificial" and "accidental",which was a kind of destruction to the development of Russia.Russia can transition to socialism directly through the village community,the peasants have the socialist instinct;"People’s industry" is completely opposite to capitalist industry;There is no market for capitalist development in Russia.Lenin through the analysis of the development of Russian reality,using the real data to the view of the Russian national populist criticism,pointed out the economic development of Russian capitalism reality and progressive,expounds the new changes of Russian villages,demonstrates the "people’s industrial" is lower phase in the development of industrial capitalism,demonstrates the formation process of the Russian domestic market.Populism is surging in China today,especially with the help of the Internet.Therefore,we must learn from Lenin’s criticism of the economic view of populism the valuable quality of Lenin’s use of Marxism to criticize the wrong thoughts.First of all,actively adhere to and develop Marxism,to solve the difficulties encountered in social development,especially to resist the attack of wrong thoughts;Secondly,dialectical understanding of the relationship between capitalism and socialism,rational use of capitalism to develop socialism;Finally,deepen the understanding that socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is still in its primary stage and will remain so for a long time to come.