| Populism has a rich soil in the modern society where interests are divided.From the 1840s until the 21st century,it has produced many rounds of influence in Europe,America and Asia.Populism was originally an extreme admiration of the value of popularization and popularization in Eastern Europe and North America in the mid-19th century,with abstract "public opinion" as the only source of legality for all political activities,especially Russian populism.In Russia,populism has undergone a transition from classical populism,revolutionary populism to liberal populism,and its social basis is the impact of the leading advantages of the industrialized countries of Western Europe and the rise of the petty bourgeoisie in the country.In order to get rid of feudalism and develop capitalism,the Tsarist rulers carried out incomplete serfdom reforms,which brought intensification of social contradictions.The interests and demands of immature social strata have achieved immature concepts.This is populism.Populism has a revolutionary form on the surface,but it is essentially an immature and dangerous ideology.The narrow nature of populist thought is as follows:first,it has obvious exclusivity and anti-elitism tendencies because it affirms the "public opinion"and "people";second,it has the characteristics of inciting excessive behavior because of blindness;third,It is volatile because of its immaturity.Because of the above limitations,populism cannot truly liberate itself.Today,populism has even become a political resource used by others.Populism is actually a rebellious act against modernization that is prevalent in modern society.There is no doubt that the anti-globalization movement also inevitably carries a populist color.In Russia,populism is expressed as a rejection of capitalism and an infinitely beautiful romantic fantasy of backward agricultural society.Russian populists have the appearance of socialists and revolutionaries,but in essence oppose the revolution led by the working class.Due to the thoroughness of its theory,Marxism is a good medicine for the treatment of populist fantasy.Since the 1890s,Lenin has criticized liberal populism as a Marxist.Lenin’s populist critical thinking mainly includes two aspects:historical criticism and methodological criticism.From the perspective of history,populist economic values,social development,and social revolution are all deviating from reality,including the idyllic misunderstanding of the old Russian village system and the agricultural industry,which reflects its romanticism,The immaturity of the hero’s view of history,reformism,and class.The reason is that Russian populism is deeply ingrained in the belief that the peasant’s "socialist nature" and certain "social promoter" thinking can play a decisive role in social transformation.Lenin’s criticism caused the populism to decline rapidly in Russia,the Russian populism divided,some people spontaneously died,some people became Marxists.Marxism was established as the guiding ideology of the Russian revolution,and Russia’s future and destiny changed.China is now in a critical period to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Reform and opening up are further deepened.China is facing severe challenges of further differentiation of domestic interests and rapid changes in the international environment.In order to prevent the erosion of populism at home and abroad,we must inherit and carry forward the wisdom of Lenin’s critical thinking of populism.Contemporary populism has a bad tendency to exclude the elite,false public opinion and national incitement.Under the influence of external factors,there may be some reverse populism.To prevent the erosion of contemporary populism,we must adhere to and develop Marxism like Lenin,always take Marxism-Leninism as a guide to action,adhere to the leadership of the party,and adhere to the combination of theoretical and practical struggles,so that Marxism maintains a thorough explanatory power and strong Vitality has become a powerful weapon against populism. |
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