A Multi-angle Study Of The "X Long Y Short" Format

“X Chang Y Duan” is a common structure in both spoken and written language.In this structure,“Chang” and “Duan” are constants,which are a pair of antonym adjectives of spatial dimension.They often appear in the structure of Antithesis in language examples,which we call fixed type;“X” and “Y” are variables with high productivity.On this basis,this structure has generated a lot of language examples,such as Jia Chang Li Duan,Shuo Chang Dao Duan and so on.Based on the existing corpus,this thesis makes a comprehensive analysis of the “X Chang Y Duan”structure by using the “three-dimensional grammar”,makes an in-depth study of its syntax,semantics and pragmatics,and explains its metaphor,metonymy mechanism and conceptual integration level from a cognitive perspective.Finally,it makes a comparative study with the relevant structure “Chang X Duan Y”.In terms of syntax,this thesis mainly studies the structure of “X Chang Y Duan”format,studies the grammatical properties of X and Y which can be used as variables,and the corresponding grammatical properties of “Chang” and “Duan”;and analyzes the internal structure types and syntactic functions of the format.In terms of semantics,it studies the semantic relationship of “X Chang Y Duan”from the internal and external perspectives.The thesis analyzes the semantic relationship between X and Y,and between “X Chang” and “Y Duan”,and describes the overall structure meaning.It is found that the original meaning and extended meaning coexist in the structure of “X Chang Y Duan”.In the aspect of pragmatics,we investigate the restrictive effect of context on the structure of “X Chang Y Duan”,explore the pragmatic functions of description,evaluation and generalization of the structure,and analyze its pragmatic characteristics from the aspects of syllable rhythm,style color and emotional color.We find that the structure has the characteristics of monosyllabic as the main,polysyllabic as the auxiliary,harmonious phonology,neutral and derogatory emotional color and the tendency of written language.From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,it is necessary to analyze the cognitive characteristics of “X Chang Y Duan” structure.Based on the theories of the Conceptual Metaphor,Conceptual Metonymy and Conceptual Integration,this thesis analyzes and describes the psychological representation process of some examples,explores the cognitive process from the static and dynamic perspectives,and divides the conceptual integration levels according to the meaning of the structure.The “X Chang Y Duan” structure is divided into three levels of integration: low,medium and high.There is a continuum between the levels.“X Chang Y Duan” and “Chang X Duan Y” are two patterns with the same fixed pattern but different embedded positions.A comparative study of these formats with the same characters but different embedded positions is helpful to deepen our understanding of the structures.By comparing the similarities and differences in structure,function and semantics between the two formats,and summarizing the characteristics of “Chang X Duan Y” and “X Chang Y Duan”,we find that there are some differences in structure and semantics between the two formats,but because of the mutual restriction between X and Chang,Y and Duan,they are similar to each other to a certain extent.