Research On The Categorization Of High-frequency Shape Quantifiers In The Comprehensive Textbook Of "Developing Chinese"

Shape-based classifiers are special classifiers in Chinese,which are used frequently and flexibly in daily life,meanwhile,have strong selection function.They are the result of the development of cognitive thinking of Han nationality which reflects in language.The comprehensive textbook of Developing Chinese is the national planning textbook for higher education in China during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.It is the main textbook for international students to learn Chinese,and it is also the most representative textbook for teaching Chinese as a second language.This study takes the occurrence times of shape-based classifiers as the standard,and then chooses three shape-based classifiers which occurred most in the textbooks as the objects to research,the three classifiers are "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang".At the same time,taking categorization as the theoretical basis,this study mainly focuses on the following two questions: first,how does the category developed of the classifiers "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang" ? Second,what happened with the distribution of "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang" in the textbook?After identifying the research questions,this study takes the textbook of Developing Chinese as the source corpus to collect the co-occurrence nouns of "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang".Then summarized the category center of each shape-based classifier by integrating the influence of diachronic,cognitive,co-occurrence frequency and other factors.From the category center,the development of each shape-based classifier is explored.Through the study of the shape-based classifiers "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang",it is found that "Kuai" extends outwards with "soil block" as its category center,then has experienced the expansion from the prototype to the analog,from the lumpy objects to the flat objects,from the complete objects to the partial objects,and from the physical things to the abstract things."Tiao" is influenced by its original meaning "Zhi Tiao",and "Zhi Tiao" becomes the prototype of the category.Then the category of "Tiao" has experienced the expansion from the prototype to the analog,from the discrete things to the attached objects,from the solids to the fluids,and from the physical things to the abstract things.Restricted by the original meaning and influenced by the social development,the category of "Zhang" has spread from the category center,then has experienced the expansion from the prototype to the analog,from the flat objects to the content objects,from the two-dimensional things to the three-dimensional things,and from the objects to the subjects.Finally,the distribution of "Kuai,Tiao and Zhang" in the textbooks Developing Chinese is statistically analyzed from the macro and micro perspectives to explore whether the arrangement in the textbook conforms to the cognitive rules or not.Based on the research of the shape-based classifiers,some teaching suggestions are put forward.