Research On Ceramic Furnace

The research object of this paper is the ceramic walking furnace,which is a kind of incense burner used in ancient Buddhist worship activities.Because of its small size and easy to hold,it is often held by the hand to walk around the Buddha in the incense walking ceremony,so it is called the walking stove.Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties,the activity of incense making began to be popular,and the metal furnace also appeared.The metal furnace reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty,producing different types of magpie tail furnace and censer burner with handle,which can be seen abundant material objects and murals.At the same time,ceramic moving furnace appeared.Its shape was derived from metal moving furnace,and its long handle disappeared while the furnace body was retained.It can be inferred from the "Fanwang Rite Buddha Picture" that it was used in combination with metal moving furnace at that time or as an alternative.In the Song Dynasty,ceramic kiln reached its peak with the porcelain making industry.Porcelain went deep into people’s life and replaced metal kiln as the mainstream.It was produced in large quantities by various kilns with more exquisite and varied styles.At the same time,in addition to the Buddhist activities,the common day sacrifice,official ceremony,blessing,literati collection,Yan Ju incense and so on make the furnace more widely used,more deeply into people’s life.In this period,there were many kilns producing line furnaces.From the pictures collected,there were Yaozhou kiln in Shaanxi Province,Xing kiln in Hebei Province,Dingyao kiln,Cizhou kiln,Jingxing kiln,Longquanwu kiln in Beijing,Gongxian kiln in Henan Province,Lushan kiln,Ruguan kiln in Qingling Temple,Huo kiln in Shanxi Province,Jiexiu kiln,Lingwu kiln in Ningxia Province,in the north.In the south,there are Anhui Shouzhou Kilns,Fanchang Kilns,Hutian Kilns,Zhejiang Yue Kilns,Longquan Kilns,Jiangxi Bashe Kilns,Wuzhou Kilns,Jizhou Kilns,Guangdong Chaozhou Kilns,Huizhou Kilns,Guangxi Zhonghe Kilns,Xicun Kilns,Fujian Jiangle Kilns,Jian ’ou Kilns,Sichuan Porcelain Wanpu Kilns,Liulichang Kilns and so on.After entering the yuan,the line furnace gradually disappeared.