A Study Of The Ditties In The Time Scale Of The Japanese Shuanghongtang Library

The research object of this paper is the tune collected by the Shuanghongtang Library(here in after referred to as ‘Library’)of Oriental Cultural Institute,Tokyo University,Japan.These songs originally belonging to the Changze Guijuye’s Shuanghongtang.The paper is divided into five parts:First,the paper analyzes the edition form,the publisher and the printer of the ditties in the library.The librettos can be divided into three forms: the anthology,the collection and the single.Most Qing Dynasty’s editions are anthologies and collections.To the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,singles were popular.In the Republic of China,some bookstores began to publish collections.Many old-style bookstores published manuscripts and engraved forms during the late Qing Dynasty and the early year of the Republic of China,but many of them were replaced by stone-printed and type-printed books published by new-style bookstores.Because the engraving cost is higher,bookstores were more limited by funds,so the engraving,transfer,exchange of the situation emerge in endlessly.Second,the paper discusses the rare Qupai in the library.There are some rare Qupai which is mainly concentrated in the Ni Chang Xu Pu,Paiziqu and Lianhualao.Thirdly,the paper analyzes the content of tunes in library.The anthologies and collections of Qing Dynasty contains many traditional themes,such as love,ethics,folk life and so on.At the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,the northern librettos was published mostly in Beijing,earlier than the southern librettos,and most of them are block-printed.These tunes’ content is inherited from the Qing dynasty.The southern version was published a little later,more printed version,published in Shanghai,adding a lot of content about the current affairs.There are obvious influences between the north and South ditties.Fourth,the paper studies the art technique of ditty in the library collection.The main feature of artistic technique lies in the gradual change from short lyric to narrative.Fifthly,three cases were selected for special study from the collections and librettos of ditties in the library collection.The three cases represent the mixing phenomenon of ditties in the northern and the southern part of China.The three cases respectively represent the north tunes of Qing dynasty,the south tunes of the Republic of China,and the blending phenomenon of north and south ditties.In Yongfacaiyuan’s transcripts,Ci Er Shan may come from Hebei and then spread to the northern provinces.The case of its words is not the same as those included in Ni Chang Xu Pu and Bai Xue Yi Yin,and the tone may be ‘Bugang Diao’.The ditties about Jiang Laowu were based on the Shanghai social news in the Republic of China,showing the characteristics of keeping pace with the times.Three volumes of Xin Xiao Qu Da Guan,including the north and south ditties,each volume is roughly classified according to the region and subject matter,so it can be seen the general situation of the integration of north and south ditties.Sixth,analyze the value of tunes in library.There are some rare books,songs and Qupai in the library,which have a high literature value and could make up for the lack of the domestic record.The ditties reflect the people’s thoughts,feelings,interests,ideas and values at that time and use lively,artful figure of rhetoric,which have rich literary value.The tunes reflect people’s living conditions,social customs and changes of the times,and to record folk life,festival customs and traditional ways of thinking,which could complement the lack of historical records,therefore,it also has social value.