| The Meghadūta is a model work of the famous Indian poet Kālidāsa.It was first translated into Tibetan in the middle of the 14 th century and spread to Tibetan areas.It was translated into Mongolian in the mid-18 th century and began to spread in Europe in the 19 th century.In India and Europe,a large number of scholars studying Meghadūta have appeared and achieved great achievements.In Tibetan areas,since Meghadūta has been translated into Tibetan,there has not been an orthodox tradition of lectures.Literati is little known about the texts it annotated,and there are 6 books are annotated and published by modern literati.The emergence of the Tibetan translation of Meghadūta by Zabb and the Japanese Tibetan scientist Nemoto in 2018 fully proves that Tibetan scholars are paying more and more attention to Meghadūta.This article follows the sayings of two scholars,Zhabu and Jianyu Yushi.The Meghadūta translated by the translator Xiang Qu Zemao is called the old Tibetan translation,and the Meghadūta translated by the two scholars is called the new Tibetan translation.After the old translation was included in "Danzhuer",it was divided into four versions: Natang,Beijing,Zhuoni,and Dege.The Dege version is famous for its high accuracy,so this article focuses on the Dege version,While referring to other versions.This thesis mainly adopts text research methods.Through the comparison and comparison of the old and new Tibetan translations of Meghadūta with the Sanskrit originals and Mr.Jin Kemu’s Chinese translations,the vocabulary,word order,grammar,translation methods,etc.A preliminary answer was made to related issues: version issues and tampering issues.On the basis of comparative research,it points out the similarities and differences between the new and old translations.This article is divided into four chapters.The first chapter introduces the work of Jia Li Tuosuo,the content and artistic features of Meghadūta,the version of Meghadūta and the "messenger body" poetry in India.The second chapter discusses the historical background of the translation of Meghadūta into Tibetan,Meghadūta and Indian Poetics,the influence of the Tibetan tradition of Buddhist sutra translation on the old version of the Tibetan version of Meghadūta.The tradition of Buddhist scripture translation and the identity of the translator also have a certain influence on the translation of individual words.For some obscure originalSanskrit vocabulary,the translation method of the old translation appears to be more euphemistic,and the new translation appears to be directly explicit.The third chapter makes a careful comparison and comparison of the old and new translations of Meghadūta from the three levels of vocabulary,sentence,and chapter,so as to know that the old Tibetan translation of Meghadūta is both precise and complete at the vocabulary level.Achievements have been very high,because there are some ambiguous meanings at the sentence and text levels,and there are discrepancies with the original Sanskrit text.In contrast,the latter is slightly less accurate than the former.Generally speaking,the old translations tend to be free translations,while the new translations tend to be literal translations.According to contemporary translation theory,the former is called "domesticization" and the latter is called "foreignization".Both have their own merits.The old translation belongs to the text translated in the 14 th century,and thus presents the grammatical characteristics of that era before and after the attributive subject,while the new translation presents the characteristics of the contemporary language before and after the attributive subject.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the value of the new Tibetan version of Meghadūta.Through comparison with the original Sanskrit and the Chinese translation,it is found that in addition to the different translation methods,the new and old translations also have version problems and difference caused by future generations’ tampering.It can be judged from this that there is a slight difference between the old translation now circulating and the original translation translated by the translators such as Xiangqu Zemao.However,the new translation has made necessary improvements while inheriting the relevant translation methods of the old translation.The new translation is not only a continuation of the old translation,but also a development of the old translation. |
