Research On The Border Governance Institutions In The East Of Longyou Road In The Early Tang Dynasty

The establishment of the border control agency in the eastern area of Longyou Road originated from the Tang rulers' strategy for the north and northwest frontier in the early Tang Dynasty.The area is adjacent to the western region in the west,connecting Chang 'an city in the east,approaching the Desert in the north and closing at the foot of the Qilian Mountains in the south.It's not only the connection part of the north-south traffic,but a necessary place for east-west communication,as well as the strategic area which the rulers managed the western regions and control Mobei region.Therefore,One of the serious problems faced by the rulers were how to deploy the governing institutions in this vast area in the early Tang period.The main object of this paper is the disposal and evolution of border control institutions in the early Tang Dynasty,including administrative units,military garrison units,Tuntian system and transportation units.It plans to have five chapters to fully and authentically undo these Settings and changes.In the first chapter,the paper firstly introduces the natural geographical conditions and political development in this area in Tang Dynasty.On account of the evolution of the governing institutions in the eastern area of Longyou Road centered on the natural geographical environment and political situation in the early Tang Dynasty,it will pave the way for the subsequent discussion and exploration.First,The favorable natural conditions of Hexi Corridor in Tang Dynasty laid a geographical foundation for the gradual development of border control institutions at all levels.In addition,this area was influenced by the Turkic and Tubo invasions,showing a complicated and tortuous political evolution pattern.Hence,the rise and fall of the power between Tang Dynasty and the ethnic regime prompted the rulers to adjust and improve the governance agencies constantly in the land.In the second chapter,focus on the establishment,succession and distribution of the administrative unitsin this area in the early Tang Dynasty.It mainly consists of Liangzhou Dudu Government,Guazhou Dudu Government and Anbei Duhu Government.Liangzhou District was founded in 619 and its jurisdiction was finally decided to lead the three regions of Liang,Gan,Su until 679.In addition,it administers theprefecture of Jimi,which was set up by the Tuyuhun and Western Turkic tribes.Guazhou District was founded in 622.It was not until 712 that its name was fixed and it ruled the two states of Gua and San.In 686,the Anbei Protectorate moved from Mobei to Ganzhou,continuing to govern theprefecture of Jimi set up by the Tiele tribes,which had moved south with it.After Anbei Prefecture moved east in 708,these Jimi Prefecture was administered by Liangzhou Prefecture.In the third chapter,this part mainly analyzes the establishment,development and distribution of military garrison units in the area,including the study of the Hexi Jie Dushi and Jun City,Shouzhuo City,City,Town,Shu and Smoke Tower controlled by it.At the beginning of Tang Dynasty,inherited the small military garrisons set up by Sui Dynasty.Next,the rulers began to build a large number of Jun and Shouzhuo City since 677 and adjusted constantly with the evolution of the situation in the northwest frontier.These units played an important role in maintaining the Tang empire's effectively control over the north and northwest frontier.In chapter four,this chapter mainly studies the farmland and traffic in area,including the research on the Tuntian system,distributions,traffic system and traffic routes.As the infrastructure of the Tang Dynasty to govern the border areas and handle the border affairs,it is necessary to discuss the important role of them in ensuring the production and life of the military and civilian in Hexi as well as supporting the normal operation of the administrative and military institutions.In the fifth chapter,this one summarizes the spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of the border agencies in the eastern part of Longyou Road.In the period,the governing institutions in the eastern part of Longyou Road have some new characteristics in the distribution of time and space,influenced by political,economic,military and other factors.This author intends to explore these changes and analyze the driving factors.In terms of time distribution,the early period of Emperor Gaozu and Emperor Gaozong,the rulers focused on the restoration and adjustment of administrative system.From the later period of Gaozong to the Ruizong,large-scale military garrison organizations were systematically established,fields were developed and post roads were built.During the Xuanzong period of Tang Dynasty,with the development of the political and military situation,all kinds of border organs were adjusted timely.In terms of spatial distribution,prefectural cities and military garrison cities are centered on military and political cities,scattered in places with convenient transportation and fertile paddy fields.Through the study of this topic,the establishment and evolution of the governance institutions in the eastern region of Longyou Road in the early Tang Dynasty are clearly reproduced in time and space,which helps us to deeply understand the historical role of them under the specific historical conditions,and provides historical reference for the governance of the border areas today.