Research On The Historical View Of Chinese Cultural Forms In The First Half Of The 20th Century

This paper focuses on the study of Zhanguo Ce clique,and to explores the theoretical innovation and historical achievements of Chinese scholars who based on the historical characteristics of the Chinese culture and national conditions based on the Western historic viewpoint of culture morphology,to outline the development of the Chinese historic viewpoint of culture morphology in the first half of the 20th century,analyze the development reasons and existing problems,and look forward to the historic viewpoint of culture morphology in the new century.The historic viewpoint of culture morphology is a historical research paradigm that takes a macro perspective and takes culture or civilization as the research object to construct a cultural form model through comparative research methods and analyzes the course of cultural development.This theory originated from the German scholar Spengler in the early 20th century.Introduced into China in the 1920s,and later through the nationalization and innovation of Chinese scholars represented by the Zhanguo Ce clique,they developed the historical concept of Chinese cultural patterns.It takes a comprehensive perspective,takes Chinese culture as the research object,and advocates cultural pluralism and cultural cycle theory.Through the analysis of the development of Chinese culture,it explores the inherent structure and meaning of history,and then seeks a way out for Chinese culture to save itself.Scholars on the historic viewpoint of culture morphology staged Chinese history in an innovative way,and put forward important points such as the theory of two weeks of Chinese culture and the reenactment of the Warring States Period,encouraging people to maintain self-confidence,persist in the war of resistance,and realize the great cause of rebuilding Chinese culture in the War of Resistance.The historic viewpoint of culture morphology development is affected by serious national crises,including changes in historical functions since modern times,patriotism and cultural nationalism,and sociocultural reasons.The historic viewpoint of culture morphology defects of the historical view of cultural forms also make it unable to become the mainstream historical thought.After the peak of the 1940s,it gradually faded out of academic circles.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,due to the nature of historical idealism and the criticism of the "Fascism" of the Zhanguo Ce clique at that time,the Chinese historic viewpoint of culture morphology has been criticized by academics for a long time.At the end of the 20th century,with the emergence of the final conclusion of civilization and the theory of conflict of civilizations,many scholars rectified the name of the Zhanguo Ce clique.The historic viewpoint of culture morphology revitalized again.The discussion of the development of the Chinese historic viewpoint of culture morphology is helpful for understanding and positioning its position in the development of history in the first half of 20th century.The development of the historic viewpoint of culture morphology not only provides a research idea for historical studies,but also provides a realistic theoretical reference for the exchange between Chinese civilization and other civilizations in the world.