Risk Factors For Astigmatism And Its Components In Preschool Children

Objective: to evaluate the risk factors for total astigmatism and internal astigmatism compensation in preschool children.Methods: the prevalence of total astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism in preschool children was calculated by using automatic computer optometry and optical biometric instrument in the cross-sectional study of nanjing eye disease.The compensation factor CF and CF45 were calculated and their risk factors were analyzed.Results:The mean age of 1327 preschoolers(66.8,3.39 months),the prevalence of total astigmatism-1.00 D in 706(53.2%)males was 9.8%,and the prevalence of astigmatism-1.00 D in anterior corneal surface was58.5%.Maternal exposure to secondhand smoke during pregnancy(P=0.026,OR=1.64)was a risk factor for total astigmatism,and mixed feeding(P=0.006,OR=0.50)and artificial feeding(P=0.003,OR=0.46)reduced the risk of total astigmatism compared with breast-feeding.Eye axis and the corneal curvature radius ratio(AL/CR)(P = 0.002,OR =16.16)is a risk factor for corneal surface astigmatism before,natural labor and natural labor transfer before cesarean section corneal surface astigmatism risk no statistical difference,cesarean section(P = 0.039,OR= 1.68)compared with natural birth increased the risk of the disease by corneal surface astigmatism before(P = 0.231),mixed feeding(P = 0.265,OR = 0.785)and the risk of breastfeeding in front of the corneal surface astigmatism,no statistical difference(P = 0.202),artificial feeding compared with before breastfeeding decrease corneal surface.In terms of CF0,paternal astigmatism(P=0.013,OR=0.50)and assisted reproduction(P=0.031,OR=0.57)are risk factors for internal astigmatism compensation.In the case of CF45,increased outdoor activity is a protective factor for internal astigmatism compensation.Conclusion: compared with feeding breastfeeding both reduce the risk of corneal surface before astigmatism,and reduce the risk of total astigmatism,and when the father have astigmatism,internal astigmatism compensation effect is reduced,the total astigmatism risk increase mother astigmatism secondhand smoke during pregnancy are independent risk factors for the development of preschool children's total astigmatism AL/CR,cesarean section are independent risk factors of corneal surface astigmatism before assisted reproduction is independent risk factors for the development of internal astigmatism compensation effect and increase outdoor activities is independent protection factors of the internal astigmatism compensation effect.Due to the direction of the astigmatism and astigmatism component interaction,make astigmatism risk factors analysis of more complex,but presumably,either through genetic and environmental factors corneal astigmatism before surface to change the state of total astigmatism,can also influence the internal astigmatism compensation through changing the total astigmatism,internal astigmatism compensation effect cannot be ignored.