| Guizhou Province firmly adheres to the two bottom lines of development and ecology,deeply promotes the rural industrial revolution,and vigorously promotes the herbal medicine industry.Bijie City is the main producing area of Gastrodia elata in the whole province,in recent years,based on the abundant forest resources,the city has seized the opportunities of under-forest economic development and carried out under-forest imitative wild cultivation of G.elata.The planting scale has increased rapidly,and it has become an important part of the under-forest economic industry.However,the expansion of scale has also brought a series of problems that need to be solved urgently.For example,Dafang County of Bijie City is the real estate area of Gastrodia elata,whether the imported foreign gastrodia species affects the authenticity of the local gastrodi,and G.elata planting fungus material consumes a lot,can the waste fungus material be further used to alleviate the large consumption of fungus material.In response to these problems,which is of great significance for Bijie City to implement the strategy of rural revitalization in the next step and achieve high-quality development of the under-forest economy.To this end,this research is based on the current mature supporting G.elata planting technology under imitated wild environment,and conducted experiments on some of the key links and factors,such as the utilization of different G.elata germplasm,the comparison between traditional field planting of G.elata and imitating wild environment planting under the forest,the correlation between the canopy density of different trees and the yield of G.elata,the wood-saving cultivation technology,the harvesting period and the harvesting time,etc.Combined with the impact of the research area of under-forest economic development,using SWOT analysis method to analyze G.elata in the wild environment under the forest in Bijie City,and provide suggestions and countermeasures for the future development of G.elata in Bijie with higher quality.The results of this study are as follows:1.Utilize local G.elata species and introduced G.elata from other places to cultivate under the forest to imitate the wild environment,the results showed that:(1)There was no significant difference in yield between them;(2)In terms of the appearance and shape of the medicinal materials,local G.elata seeds are used to cultivate under the forest to imitate the wild environment.The length-to-width ratio of the produced commercial G.elata and the length of the terminal bud are both small,and the shape is better;(3)In terms of internal quality,by measuring the content of gastrodin,the commercial G.elata produced by using local G.elata seeds to imitate the wild environment cultivation under the forest has a significantly higher gastrodin content than the introduction of gastrodia in other places.It can be seen that in terms of the appearance and internal quality of the medicinal materials,the local G.elata species have shown strong advantages,which reflects the superiority of the quality of authentic medicinal materials.2.Using local G.elata seeds,through vegetative propagation,by comparing the cultivation environment of traditional field and imitating the wild under the forest,it is found that the yield and quality of G.elata cultivated under the imitating wild environment have been significantly improved.Moreover,if the planting is continued in the second year on the same land,traditional field planting has a faster rate of degradation of medicinal material quality than that of G.elata cultivated in a wild environment under forest,which indicates that the protection of G.elata species during asexual reproduction is significantly higher than that of traditional field planting.3.Adjust the forest stand canopy closure through artificial tending methods,and study the yield of G.elata in different forest stand canopy closures.The study found that different forest stand canopy closures have extremely significant differences in the yield of G.elata,among which the forest stand canopy closure The highest yield is under the environment where the forest canopy density is between 0.6 and 0.7,which is most suitable for imitating wild planting under the G.elata forest.4.Through the comparative study of the two modes of combining new materials with waste fungus materials and completely using new materials,it is found that there is no significant difference between the two modes in terms of yield or quality.However,the use of waste fungus material can significantly reduce planting costs,and the cost of fungus material has been reduced by 21.9%.5.By studying the impact of different harvest periods and weather conditions on the production of commercial hemp,it is found that in the harvest period,December to January of the following year is the best harvest period.In terms of weather conditions at harvest time,it is found that G.elata harvested in rainy days is not easy to store,“baima” and “jianma” are prone to mildew,and the drying rate is lower than that on sunny and cloudy days;they harvested on cloudy and sunny days are not prone to lesions,and the processed products are clean and have fewer lesions.Therefore,the cultivation of G.elata under the forest imitating the wild environment and harvesting at the right time will have a greater impact on the drying rate,processing and quality of G.elata.6.The SWOT analysis method is used to analyze the development of the undergrowth imitating wild G.elata industry in Bijie City,which shows that Bijie City has more advantages than disadvantages,and opportunities greater than challenges.It can rely on cultivation of G.elata under the forest to imitate the wild environment,vigorously develop the economy under the forest,so as to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and realize the effective connection with rural revitalization. |
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