| Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of nature reserves,combined with regional protection priority areas for protection object identification,optimizing the system of regional nature reserves is the best effective way to achieve regional biodiversity.Guizhou Province is one of the hot spots of biodiversity in China and one of the first demonstration areas in the construction of ecological civilization in China,and its biodiversity protection has received high attention.Although the province has built a variety of nature reserves with the core of nature reserves and multiple natural parks as important supports,it has made great contributions to the protection of the province ’s biodiversity.However,due to the special geographical location of Guizhou,the topography The complexity,coupled with the high proportion of karst landforms,habitats are highly heterogeneous and vulnerable,biodiversity is rich and diverse,and regional characteristics are very obvious.There are still many areas that are not considered comprehensive and should be guaranteed.The prevalence of habitat fragmentation and increasing human interference have exacerbated the pressure of biodiversity conservation in various regions.It is urgent to identify protection priority areas to improve the system of nature reserves that require optimization of nature reserves as the main body,with minimal costs.In exchange for maximum biodiversity protection.National protection of wild animals and plants,as one of the most concerned key groups in biodiversity protection,is the top priority of national and regional protection and management.Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of natural reserves in Guizhou Province,this study calculated the density distribution characteristics of national protected wild animals and plant species in the province according to the density correction formula,and selected the national protected wild plants,animals and coupled animals and plants as The indicator type group is based on the county-level administrative units(county,county-level cities,districts,etc.)of Guizhou Province,using the Dobson algorithm to set 75% and 100% protection levels to identify three types of protection priority areas,and then simply combine the plant protection priority areas Animal protection priority areas are four types of protection priority areas that combine priority areas.Based on the analysis of protection efficiency,the best protection priority area is determined and its rationality is judged;the information identified and analyzed by the established nature protection area is used to evaluate and identify the identified areas.The protection vacancies of the best protection priority areas are finally optimized from the macro-level nature reserve structure in Guizhou Province.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The horizontal distribution of the province’s nature reserves shows a pattern with less distribution from the west to the middle,and more distribution in the south and the north.The uniformity is extremely low and the difference between regions is large.From the perspective of potential protection capacity and pressure of nature reserves,Guiyang City Nature Reserve has the strongest potential protection ability and the greatest protection pressure;Bijie City Nature Reserve has the weakest potential protection ability and protection pressure.(2)In terms of the species richness distribution of the national protected wild plants in the province,generally speaking,the southern region is higher than the northern region,and the species richness extending from the provincial border area to the inland area is obviously decreasing.In terms of the species richness distribution of the key protected wildlife in Guizhou,the species richness in northeast and north Guizhou is relatively high,and the species richness in northwest and southwest Guizhou is relatively low.(3)In terms of overall protection efficiency,animal protection priority zones are higher than plant protection priority zones.The two cannot replace each other and can complement each other.The protection priority zone that combines national key protection of wild plants and animal species has the best protection efficiency,and can highly reflect the important characteristics of plant protection priority zone and animal priority zone.Therefore,the priority area for animal and plant protection at 100%protection level is the best protection priority area.(4)At 100% protection level,the coupled indicator species are more efficient than the single type indicator species in overall protection,highly representative of the biodiversity distribution pattern in Guizhou Province,and with the national protection priority areas distributed in Guizhou There is a high spatial correspondence.(5)The coverage rate of nature reserves in the best protection priority zone is7.83%,which is higher than the average coverage rate of the province’s nature reserves of 5.1%,but far lower than the national average of 14.94%.Among the best protection priority areas,there are 10 county-level protection priority areas such as Weining County,where the nature protection area covers less than 5%,Huaxi District and Tongzi County are less than 1%,and Xiuwen County has no nature protection area,which is natural in Guizhou Province.Areas in urgent need of attention in the optimization of protected area systems.(6)PAPCA with 100% protection level in the whole province shows 3 connected "bands".The first one is the “Southern C-ring Provincial Boundary Zone” containing 3key protection priority zones;the second one is the “Northern C-Ring Provincial Boundary Zone” containing 1 key protection priority zone from north to east;the third The strip is a "central C-shaped connecting belt",which forms an ecological corridor between the southern and northern C-shaped ring provincial borders.This is the first time for the province to optimize nature reserves from a macro perspective,and it should be paid attention to in the future optimization of nature reserve systems. |
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