| Photovoltaic industry is a strategic emerging industry in China,which is of strategic significance for China to change the mode of economic growth,and maintain energy security,and promote the sustainable development of economy and society.In the past 10 years,the scale of PV industry in China has expanded rapidly,and the scale of application market and industrial market has ranked first in the world.The development degree of PV companies is an important standard to evaluate the development level of PV industry in a country.PV companies are an important support for the development of photovoltaic industry in this process and the operating efficiency of PV companies objectively reflects the healthy degree of the development of them.With the development of economic globalization,PV companies in China not only face the competition from the domestic market,but also have many competitors in the international market.Accurate and reasonable calculation and comparison of the operating efficiency of PV companies at home and abroad has become the objective demand of PV industry research.This paper mainly studies the operating efficiency and dynamic changes of 50 Chinese and foreign PV companies.It consists of five parts: The first part systematically reviews the relevant achievements of the research on the development and efficiency level of PV industry,and summarizes and comments on the views and methods.The second introduces the theory of efficiency evaluation and four DEA models: basic DEA,super-efficiency DEA,Bootstrap-DEA and DEA-Malmquist model.The third gives a descriptive analysis of the present situation of PV industry in China and foreign countries from the dimension of applied market and industrial market,and summarizes the basic characteristics of the current global PV industry.The forth uses models to calculate,sort and analyze the operating efficiency and dynamic changes of 50 PV companies.The fifth summarizes the conclusions,and gives the policy suggestions to improve the efficiency of PV companies in China.The conclusions show that:(1)The operation of Chinese and foreign PV companies is in the non-effective state,and a larger proportion of Chinese PV companies are in a state of non-effective and desreasing returns of scale,and the operating efficiency still has greater room for improvement.(2)The operating efficiency of Chinese and foreign PV companies showed an overall improvement trend in 2015-2019,and the improvement degree of Chinese companies was better than that of foreign.(3)The trend of TFP change of Chinese and foreign PV companies is similar.Technical Efficiency Change has been the main driving factor for the TFP increasing of PV companies in recent years,but Technological Change has contributed less.(4)Policy factors have a significant impact on the operating efficiency of PV companies. |
