Differential Analysis Of Health Effects Of PM_2.5 And O₃ Assessed By Multi-source Data

Fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)pollution and near surface ozone(O₃)pollution are the main air pollution problems in China.In recent years,the relevant departments have promulgated many air pollution control policies.The concentration of fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)in China decreased significantly,but ozone(O₃)increased.In addition,PM_2.5and O₃pose a great threat to human health.Therefore,evaluating the health benefits of PM_2.5and O₃concentration changes can not only measure the effectiveness of air pollution control in China,but also provide valuable information for future emission control strategies.The selection of concentration exposure data is very important to accurately evaluate the health benefits of air pollution.The health benefits are often different with different exposure data sources.In this study,we used six methods to generate the exposure data of PM_2.5and O₃in China in 2014 and 2018 include two kinds of data based on monitoring data with concentration spatial interpolation methods,including monitoring data with neighborhood interpolation method(VNA)and observation data with Kriging interpolation method;WRF-CMAQ air quality model simulation data(PRE);data from satellite observations;two data fusion methods:HYB1 is the data obtained from the fusion of model simulation data and monitoring data,and HYB2 further integrates satellite data on the basis of HYB1.In this study,we mainly compared the differences in health benefits evaluated by different data sources in different regions.The main conclusions are as followed:In 2014,the six data average annual population weighted concentrations of PM_2.5and O₃-MAD8 were 62.1?g/m³and 43.3 ppb respectively.In 2018,the six data average annual population weighted concentrations of PM_2.5decreased to 40.5?g/m³,while the average annual concentration of O₃-MAD8 increased to 50.1 ppb.The trend of pollutant concentration and the number of premature mortality were basically the same,but the change range was often not the same.When using different data sources to evaluate the annual concentration of PM_2.5in 2014 and 2018,the results of observation data are higher,and the results of PRE are lower.However,the annual concentration of PM_2.5in 2014-2018 evaluated by PRE decreases most obviously,the difference of PM_2.5concentration is up to 62.9%.When evaluating the annual concentration of O₃-MAD8,the result of PRE simulation is the highest in 2014 or2018,but the concentration change of PRE simulation is the least obvious,the difference of O₃concentration is up to 24.4%.In addition,it is found that the differences of different exposure data are mainly concentrated in the areas,such as northwest and southwest.In 2014,the number of PM_2.5-related premature mortality in China was about 1.55-1.61million,which decreased by 16.9%-19.6%in 2018.In 2018,the number of O₃related premature mortality was 250-310 thousand,an increase of 27.3%-64.4%compared with2014.When evaluating the PM_2.5and O₃-MDA8 related premature mortality in 2014 and2018,the difference of PM_2.5related premature mortality is not more than 17.1%,and the difference of O₃-MDA8 related premature mortality is not more than 53.7%,but it can still be found that the difference is more obvious in the CC regions.Considering the spatial differences of PM_2.5and O₃premature death rate and concentration among six data sources,we believe that the results of fusion data are more reliable.