Dynamic Monitoring Of Ecological Geological Environment In Chaohu Lake Basin Based On GIS And RS Technology

Chaohu Lake Basin plays an important role in the ecosystem of Anhui Province.With the rapid development of social economy,the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of human survival activities,the ecological and geological environment of Chaohu Lake Basin has been damaged to varying degrees,which affects the basis of human survival and the sustainable development of social economy in Chaohu Lake Basin.The sensitivity evaluation index system of eco geological environment in Chaohu Lake Basin was established and the classification criteria were defined,including five sensitivity first level evaluation indexes of "geological environment","ecological environment","geological disaster","human activities" and "hydrological conditions" and five sensitivity first level evaluation indexes of "geological structure","slope","aspect","elevation","vegetation coverage" and "land use" 9 sensitive secondary evaluation indexes,i.e.,"water impact","road impact" and "construction land impact".The weight of five primary sensitivity evaluation indexes was determined by AHP.The spatial distribution of five primary sensitivity evaluation indexes was analyzed by GIS and RS technology:In 2003,there was no extremely sensitive area in Chaohu basin,and highly sensitive area accounted for 0.51%,only a small part;sensitive area accounted for18.05%;non sensitive area and sensitive area accounted for 1.44% and 79.97%,respectively.By 2018,there will still be no extremely sensitive areas in the eco geological environment of Chaohu Lake Basin,the proportion of highly sensitive areas will be reduced to 0.05%,accounting for only a small part;the proportion of sensitive areas will be reduced to 16.47%;the proportion of insensitive areas and sensitive areas will be 6.38% and 77.10% respectively.The weighted superposition model based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to analyze and compare the eco-geological environment sensitivity of Chaohu basin in different time and space.The results show that most areas of Chaohu basin are insensitive,slightly sensitive and sensitive to eco geological environment,accounting for more than 99% of the basin area.The area of eco geological environment sensitive area decreased from about 18.05% to 16.47%,which needs proper development and belongs to protection area;the area of highly sensitive area decreased from 0.51% to 0.05%,which is mainly concentrated in urban human gathering areas and its surrounding areas,which belongs to eco geological environment fragile area and needs to strengthen attention,protection and governance;the area of non sensitive area increased from 1.44% to 6.38%,which is in the fast economic growth period The rapid development of environmental protection policies in Chaohu basin from 2003 to 2018 has played a practical role and provided a good foundation for the sustainable development of Chaohu basin.