| School adaptation is the psychological adaptation of students to changes in campus environment,learning tasks and interpersonal communication,and is the main content of social adaptation.Primary school is the key stage for children to enter the campus for social communication.At the same time,they also face a series of problems and challenges.Children with good school adaptation can actively integrate into the campus environment and have the confidence to deal with academic difficulties and interpersonal problems,which is conducive to the future physical and mental health development and the adaptation of the social environment.In the process of children’s growth,parents’ education plays a vital role.When parents’ resources in education are insufficient to resist pressure,they often produce negative burnout.Previous studies have shown that parents’ parenting burnout will have negative consequences such as neglect and violence,but the impact and mechanism of children’s school adaptation are unknown,Therefore,this study explores the internal mechanism between parental burnout and school adaptation from two levels.Study 1 and Study 2 included parental involvement and children’s social behavior in turn.It is intended to investigate the relationship between parental burnout and school adaptation,as well as the intermediary role between parental involvement and children’s social behavior,so as to provide a theoretical basis for promoting primary school students’ school adaptation.Based on ecosystem theory and family system theory,study 1 explored whether parental rearing burnout can affect parental involvement in children’s education,and then affect children’s school adaptation level from the family level.On the basis of study 1,study 2included the variable of children’s social behavior,and integrated the two levels of parents and children to explore whether parental burnout affects parental involvement and children’s social behavior,and finally children’s school adaptation.Finally,this study also established a moderated mediation model with parental gender as a moderating variable to further explore whether there is a difference in the effects of parental burnout of fathers and mothers on children’s school adaptation.This study used the questionnaire method to investigate primary school students in grades 3-6 and their parents.Study 1 included 814 elementary school students and their parents,and study 2 included 900 elementary school students and their parents.Four scales,Parental Bornout Assessment,Parental Involvement Scale,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire（Student Version）and Chinese Primary and Secondary School Students’ School Adaptation Scale,were used to explore the chain mediating role of parental involvement and children’s social behavior between parental burnout and school adaptation.The results are as follows:（1）There are differences in the demographic variables of parental burnout,parental involvement,social behavior and school adaptation among primary school students in grades3-6.Specifically,in terms of parents’ gender,mothers’ parental involvement is significantly higher than that of fathers;In terms of students’ gender,girls’ school adaptation and prosocial behavior are significantly better than boys,parents involve more in girls’ education than boys,while boys’ problem behavior is significantly more than girls;In terms of grade,in terms of parental burnout,the scores of parents of third grade students were significantly higher than those of three senior grades,in terms of parental involvement,the parents of the third grade are significantly lower than the parents of the fifth and sixth grades,in terms of school adaptation,the score of the fourth grade students was significantly higher than that of the third grade students,and the scores of students in fifth grade are significantly lower than those in two lower grades,in terms of problem behavior,the scores of the third grade students were significantly higher than those of the three senior grades,in terms of prosocial behavior,the scores of third grade students are significantly lower than those of fifth and sixth grade students;（2）There are significant correlations between parental burnout,parental involvement,social behavior and school adaptation among primary school students in grades 3-6;（3）Parental involvement plays a mediating role between parental burnout and school adaptation;（4）Parental involvement and social behavior play a chain mediating role between parental burnout and school adaptation;（5）There are gender differences in the impact of parental burnout on school adaptation.Compared with fathers,mothers’ burnout has a greater impact on children’s school adaptation.This shows that parental burnout can affect school adaptation through parental involvement and children’s social behavior.Therefore,when intervening in primary school students’ school adaptation,we can start from two levels of parenting and children’s own behavior,relying on families and schools to jointly promote the development of children’s school adaptation. |
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