Research On The Evaluation Index System Of Female Rowers’ Physical Fitness ——Jiangxi Province As An Example

With women’s rowing world records being set time and time again,the specific abilities of women rowers around the world are improving,which places higher demands on the athletes’ fitness.At the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games China’s women rowers won their first gold medal in the 500 m double sculls and set the best result in Chinese women’s rowing history,but there is still a gap compared to the overall strength of the world’s best women rowers.To improve the overall athletic ability of China’s women rowers,it is necessary to have a strong physical reserve.Physical fitness is the most basic athletic ability of athletes and is an important part of their competitive ability.A rower’s physical fitness should have good specific physical form,endurance,speed and strength,as well as explosive power and coordination.In order to study the physical characteristics of female rowers in China,this study selected female rowers from Jiangxi Province as the target group and tested 35 female athletes based on the final selection of indicators.This paper mainly adopts literature method,expert interview method,Delphi method,testing method,mathematical and statistical method and logical analysis method and other research methods,based on the actual situation of athletes before the race,the structural elements of women’s rowing physical fitness evaluation constructed on the basis of sports evaluation theory,screening out representative indicators as the main factors,and using relevant theoretical and empirical research methods,the typical physical fitness indicators of rowing The analysis was conducted to derive the physical performance characteristics of outstanding female rowers.Through component analysis and comparison of weights,an evaluation index system for the physical fitness of excellent rowers was constructed.The conclusions are as follows.1.Women’s rowing physical fitness is the physical activity of athletes under the stimulation of special extreme load,which is the comprehensive specialised performance of physical form,physiological function and sports quality,and is related to the improvement of rowers’ competitive ability and sports performance.The rhythm of the race is characterised by a regular cycle.Technical movements are characterised by speed,repetition and controllability.2.The physical characteristics of female rowers are mainly: strong body shape,wide shoulders and long arms,thick bones,large chest area,wide hips and thick thighs.The level of aerobic endurance of the athlete is directly related to the technical performance and tactical use of the game.The athletic quality is mainly expressed in the strong explosive power of the legs and super core strength,the flexibility,coordination and the ability to maintain balance in the watercraft required for the development of specialties.3.The evaluation index system of physical fitness characteristics of female kayakers includes three parts: evaluation indicators,indicator weights and evaluation criteria.The evaluation indexes include 3 primary indicators,12 secondary indicators and 24 tertiary indicators,of which the primary indicators include physical form,physiological function and athletic quality.Among them,athletic quality（0.53）has the highest weight,followed by physiological function（0.24）and physical form（0.23）.The secondary indicators include endurance（0.165）,strength（0.129）,flexibility（0.105）,respiratory function（0.098）,cardiovascular function and locomotor function（0.086）.The tertiary indicators include thigh circumference and upper arm tension circumference and kneeling arm length（0.166）,finger spacing index（0.130）,chest circumference and shoulder width（0.098）for body form;maximum oxygen uptake（0.35）,blood testosterone（0.2974）and haemoglobin（0.1763）for physiological function;and 1minute pull-up（0.127）,30 minutes for exercise quality dynamometer（0.122）,seated forward bend and shoulder flexibility test（0.100）,etc.A comprehensive rating scale,individual rating scale,comprehensive rating scale and individual rating scale were also established based on the weights.