The Relationship Between Paternal Involvement And Mental Health Of Senior One Student

Family is an important consideration that affects the mental health of adolescents,and parental involvement is an important research field of the influencing factor in this area.Compared with parenting styles which pay more attention to the differences in styles and ways of parenting children,parental involvement pays more attention to specific parenting behaviors and other contents,which is a vital content presentation for parents to raise their children.As an ancient Chinese proverb goes,it’s the father’s duty on the son’s mistake.However,as an important family member,the role of father has been neglected in previous studies on paternal involvement.Therefore,as a transitional period from junior to senior high school,the characteristics of paternal involvement behavior and the method that affect students’ mental health are unknown.Our research aims to explore the characteristics of paternal involvement and the role of coping styles between paternal involvement and mental health in high school grade one students,and based on this,group interventions in coping styles would be carried out to provide empirical support for improving the quality of paternal involvement and the mental health of senior grade 1 students.This research mainly includes two parts.First,a survey was conducted on 983 high school grades one student using the method of the adolescent evaluation of parental involvement questionnaire,symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and coping style questionnaire in a public high school of Q City,Yunnan Province.Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA were used to explore the characteristics and demographic differences of paternal involvement,coping style and mental health of senior grade one student.Using Pearson correlation analysis to explore the general correlation among the three variables.Canonical correlation analysis helps us grasp the correlation between coping style and mental health as a whole.The role pattern of coping styles on the relationship between paternal involvement and mental health was analyzed utilizing Process of SPSS.In the second part,our research employed group psychological guidance to intervene coping style of senior high school grade one student in order to develop students’ mental health because the paternal involvement was difficult to change in a short time.The intervention focused on the three factors,that is,"endurance","evasion" and "fantasy/denial" of emotional coping,and the theme was adjusting cognitive evaluation and enhancing positive psychological capital.The intervention plan was based on the basis of Study 1,the results of canonical correlation analysis,mediating effect analysis and supported by related theories of coping styles and positive psychology.A total eight groups psychological guidance interventions were implemented for 983 students in a public high school of Q City,Yunnan Province lasting for 4 months.Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the intervention effect was carried out through three ways including collecting data on coping styles,mental health after the intervention,students’ writing assignments and the feedback from the head teacher.The results are as follows:(1)The order of coping styles adopted by senior one student follows this pattern:problem solving,reasonable explanation,support seeking,temper holding,feelings venting,fantasy/denial,and avoidance.There are significant differences in gender,whether they are the only child and live on campus.Specifically,girls are more inclined to seek support than boys;the only child is more inclined to use problem solving and reasonable explanation than non-only children;compared with non-resident students,students who live on campus take more patient coping styles.(2)On the whole,the paternal involvement of high school grade one student is at a low level and mainly concentrated on the rules of persuasion.There are important differences in gender and whether they are the only child.To be precise: compared with girls,boys feel more input in parenting from father’s rule teaching and life care;the only children can feel more paternal involvement than non-only child.(3)The overall mental health of high school grade one student is not good enough,especially in the aspect of interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,horror,psychosis and so on.There are noteworthy differences in gender and whether they are the only child.Specifically,girls’ mental health level is lower than that of boys,and they suffer more interpersonal and emotional distress;non-only child have lower mental health levels,except for hostility and paranoia factors,the scores of other factors are significantly higher than that of the only child.(4)Paternal involvement of senior grade one student can have a positive effect on their coping styles and mental health.Specifically,paternal involvement can increase the problem-oriented response,reduce the emotion-oriented response,and maintain the level of mental health.The problem-oriented response is beneficial to mental health,while the emotion-oriented response is harmful to mental health.The latter makes a more significant influence than the former.Coping style plays a mediating role in paternal involvement and mental health.(5)The intervention of senior grade one students’ coping style should focus on the three aspects: patience,avoidance,and fantasy/denial,which will be more favorable to individual mental health.(6)Group counseling intervention can effectively make the avoidance coping style of high school grade one student better,therefore,significantly improving their mental health.At present,paternal involvement of high school grade one student is at a low level,and the overall mental health is not good enough.Through group counseling intervention in coping styles,the minimal mental health level caused by the insufficient paternal involvement of the students can be improved.In order to enhance the mental health of high school students and lay a more solid foundation for their life-long development,in the future,schools need to further strengthen the intervention of students’ patience,escape,fantasy/denial and other emotional responses;fathers need to improve the quality and content of their investment in the upbringing of their children.