Research On The Participation Of Japanese Universities In The Construction Of National Innovation System

At present,the national innovation system has become the mainstream mode of innovation development in the world.Japan has always followed the world trend and fully developed its national innovation system.From the Meiji Restoration to the upgrading of our own technological level through imitation and improvement after the Second World War,and then to the formation of the strategic national policy of creating a country through science and technology after the 1980s,the national innovation system has played an indispensable role in the process of national development and economic catch-up.Among them,universities have naturally become an important subject in the national innovation system,and have been deeply involved in the construction of the national innovation system since the 20th century.By investigating the experience of Japan,which belongs to the East Asian cultural circle,we can find out how universities participate in the construction of their national innovation system,which can be extracted from the experience and inspiration for China.Based on this,on the one hand,through historical analysis,this study combs and analyzes the historical data of Japanese Universities’ participation in the construction of the national innovation system,and summarizes that Japanese universities have experienced three stages in the development of the national innovation system.During the Meiji and Showa periods,Japan’s national innovation system and universities were initially established.Through self construction.talent training and technology digestion,they became one of the links of the national innovation system;During the period of post-war economic reconstruction and development.Japan’s national innovation system was rebuilt and further developed.The innovation forms of universities were rich and became the main position of basic research.The system of Industry University official cooperation took shape;Since the 1980s,Japan’s national innovation system has shouldered heavy responsibilities,and universities have more diversified ways to participate in the construction of the national innovation system.On the other hand,by selecting data indicators and comparing with other innovation subjects in the national innovation system,this paper analyzes the existing capacity of universities to participate in the construction of the national innovation system,such as innovation input,output,potential and so on.It is found that the self supply ability of innovation investment in universities is limited.and they rely on the government and enterprises to provide funds;Innovation output is rich in forms,diversified in transformation types and high in output quantity,but there is still room for improvement in quality assurance;The innovation potential has been continuously developed,but there is also the risk of insufficient afterforce.Based on the analysis of history and current situation,summarizing the characteristics and experience of Japanese Universities’ participation in the construction of national innovation system,we can find that Japanese Universities’ participation in the construction of national innovation system has the characteristics of paying attention to basic research,coordinating the three elements of subject and object environment,and combining external learning and imitation with self-improvement.In this regard,we need to learn from the experience of Japanese universities to prevent the possible problems of passive innovation input in development and the existing problems in the production and learning system.We also need to learn from Japan’s full attention to university innovation output and actively seek innovation cooperation,and the government need to help universities develop their innovation potential.