Research On Changes In The Educational Level Of Rural Residents And Its Effect On Poverty Reduction

Poverty eradication has always been the goal of all countries,and my country has always insisted on poverty alleviation of the poor in rural areas as the core task of governing the country.At the same time that China wins the fight against poverty in 2020,it means that absolute poverty in China’s impoverished areas under the current standards has been eliminated,but relative poverty still exists.Victory in the fight against poverty is not the end of poverty reduction.We should start from this poverty reduction.Learn from experience in the governance system to prevent the return to poverty and reduce relative poverty.Education investment is the main form of human capital investment.As an important measure and means to promote poverty reduction in rural areas,it has a vital impact on the economic development and income growth of poor areas.However,how does education help rural areas achieve poverty reduction? What is the intensity and direction of poverty eradication? In current research,this mechanism of action is not yet clear,and it is worthy of further investigation.The effect of education poverty reduction under the decomposed situation is conducive to us revealing the path of the poverty reduction effect of the increase in education investment and the distribution of education resources on the poor population.After scientific planning,we can form more forward-looking poverty alleviation and poverty reduction measures to achieve the whole country.The ultimate ideal of a prosperous people’s life.Therefore,based on the research perspective on the effect of education on poverty reduction,firstly use the human capital theory and its theory of poverty reduction as the basis,and use the CHNS database of 10 rounds of survey data from 1989 to 2015 to perform simple descriptive statistics on the education level On the basis of,with the help of the expanded Mincer’s income equation,the rate of return under different education levels in China is measured,and its change trend is compared from the perspective of heterogeneity;based on the counterfactual analysis method and the Shapley decomposition method,Decompose the effect of education on poverty reduction from static and dynamic aspects,and make a comparative analysis of the effect of education on poverty reduction with high and low academic qualifications;use the difference under the incomplete decomposition of the effect of education on poverty reduction to lead to education under the complete decomposition of poverty reduction.The impact of changes in the amount and distribution of investment on poverty reduction,discusses the intensity and direction of education poverty reduction,and reveals the mechanism of the effect of education poverty reduction.The empirical results show that:(1)From 1989 to 2015,the education level of rural residents in my country has been continuously improved.The gender and regional heterogeneity of rural education level is obvious: male education level is significantly higher than female education level,and the difference in education level of different genders shows a tendency to gradually shrink over time;the gap in rural education level between different regions is expanding year by year,and the eastern region The development trend is mature,and the average years of education are above the central and western regions.(2)According to the calculation of the educational rate of return,it can be seen that the average educational rate of return in rural China and the rate of return under different education levels have shown an inverted U-shaped change over time,and the educational rate of return of the junior college and above It is larger than the other two groups,followed by the high school group,and the junior high school group is the lowest.Interestingly,the return rates of women are higher than those of men,and the difference between the sexes gradually increases with the year.(3)From the perspective of the static decomposition of the effect of education on poverty reduction,under the current poverty standard,education investment plays a positive role in poverty reduction in China’s rural areas."Type change.The trend of changes in the poverty reduction effect of high-and low-degree education is consistent with the overall situation.Both increase first and then decrease,and the poverty-reduction effect of high-degree education is significantly greater than that of low-degree groups.(4)Use dynamic decomposition to completely decompose the inter-period poverty change into the growth effect and distribution effect of education poverty reduction.The accumulation of education stock and the distribution structure of education in all periods are conducive to increasing farmers’ income and reducing poverty,and education reducing poverty.Both the growth effect and the distribution effect show a trend of first increase and then decrease,and the poverty reduction rate of the distribution effect is significantly higher than the growth effect.Based on the research results,this article believes that the government should first continue to increase financial investment in education to consolidate the effectiveness of education in poverty alleviation in rural areas;secondly,it should further optimize the educational distribution structure,continue to accumulate human capital to promote the spillover effect of human capital,and maximize the coupling economic industrial structure development,Contribute to stronger economic growth momentum;finally,from the perspective of rural revitalization strategy,rebuild the cooperative relationship between urban and rural areas,promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,break the barriers to the unidirectional flow of human capital elements from rural to urban,and reshape the elements in The two-way flow of urban and rural areas promotes the integration of urban and rural areas in a true sense.