A Study On The Higher Education Aid Of Carnegie Corporation Of New York To Africa

As one of the four largest private foundations in the United States,Carnegie Corporation of New York was founded in 1911 by the entrepreneur Andrew Carnegie.Higher education aid has always been an important strategy for Carnegie Corporation of New York to carry out activities in Africa since its establishment.And Carnegie Corporation of New York has also become an important participant and supporter of American higher education aid to Africa because of the long history,rich content,mass objects and remarkable results.It is of great enlightening significance to comprehend and analyze deeply the higher education aid of Carnegie corporation of New York which can discover the essence of the higher education aid of American private foundations and give some suggestions for those Chinese non-governmental organizations on how to provide international education aid more properly.This article is divided into five parts in line with the sequence of motivationdevelopment process-case analysis-points-influence and enlightenment.The first part analyzes the motivations for Carnegie Corporation of New York to provide higher education aid for Africa – to inherit the idea of "scientific philanthropy",be influenced by Carnegie’s growth experience deeply,meet higher educational demands of African countries,cultivate outstanding African talents who are prone to support America,and expand American influence in Africa.The second part is about the development process to give higher education aid to Africa according to the transformation of areas of African higher education aid from Carnegie Corporation of New York.They are the early 1940 s focusing on library construction area,the 1950 s to 1980 s expanded into talent training and university governance,and the 1990 s to the present concentrating on all areas.What Carnegie Corporation of New York did in Africa in every stage are detailedly introduced in this part,helping forming a preliminary understanding of Carnegie Corporation of New York’s higher education aid to Africa.In the third part,the case,overseas African scholars aid Africans,is selected to introduce the higher education aid projects to Africa from Carnegie Corporation of New York.It discusses the reasons for the establishment of the project,the establishment and operation,content,impacts and challenges of this project in detail.In the fourth part,it focuses on the analysis of Carnegie Corporation of New York’s higher education aid in Africa and finds five points.They are: serving for American interest,integrating idealism and realism which are American diplomacy traditions,showing strong elitism,enjoying cooperating with other aid subjects and keeping providing the higher education aid.The last part of the thesis is the conclusion,demonstrating the enormous positive influence on African higher education and American political purpose.It is inevitably a tool to help America promote American values,control the voice of the upper-class elites in Africa and gain the domination of Africa which influences Africa in a negative way.And some challenges also exist.In the end,this thesis is trying to summarize some enlightenments for Chinese non-governmental organizations to provide more effective aid for Africa,namely,strengthening cooperation with other organizations who are also giving aid to Africa,elaborating and synthesizing all aid projects,adjusting aid projects in a timely manner according to the dynamic needs of African countries,and focusing on sustainable education aid.