| As a prosocial behavior,altruistic behavior can effectively promote social harmony,so what factors will affect the occurrence of individual altruistic behavior? The basic factors for the occurrence of altruistic behavior are beneficial to the other,the situation,and the recipient.Therefore,previous researches on the influencing factors of altruistic behavior also start from these three factors,among which the influencing factors on the altruistic behavior are the focus of the researches.The belief in a just world is an individual’s trust in the fairness of the world in which he lives.As an individual difference,it plays a crucial role in personal happiness and prosocial behavior.In recent years,some researchers have found that it is positively correlated with the altruistic behavior of junior high school students.The established rules and social norms as groups,can affect people all aspects of the behavior,standardize the focus theory according to the different features of social norms to be divided into two types,that is,descriptive and imperative,predecessors have the empirical data shows that social norms can also affect the altruistic behavior of the individual,and two types of social norms influence for the altruistic behavior of individual differences.However regarding the world of justice belief,social norms and altruistic behavior between research are at the stage of preliminary study,there is no research discussing the relations between and among,and institute before selecting basic subjects are for adults,so this article to junior middle school students as subjects,using two experiments to investigate the just world belief and different levels of different types of social norms influence on students’ altruistic behavior,and the mutual influence between them.The purpose of experiment 1 is to explore the effects of different levels of belief in a just world and the initiation of a single fair social norm on the individual altruistic behavior of junior high school students and the differences of the influences.In experiment 1,3(social norm priming type: descriptive social norm/imperative social norm/no norm)×2(just world belief: high/low)two-factor experimental design was adopted.All independent variables were inter-subject variables,while the dependent variable was the amount of money the subjects gave to each other in the dictator game.On the basis of experiment 1,the descriptive and imperative social norms were divided into high and low levels to explore the influence of both social norms on the individual altruistic behavior of junior high school students with high and low just world beliefs.In experiment 2,three factors(2(descriptive social norm: high/low)×2(imperative social norm: high/low)×2(just world belief: high/low)were used in the experimental design.All independent variables are inter-subject variables,and the dependent variables are the same as study one.After the above two experiments,the following results are obtained:Among junior high school students:Descriptive norms can affect their altruistic behaviors,while imperative norms have no effect on their altruistic behaviors.The altruistic behavior of the high-justice world belief group is greatly affected by imperative social norms,and is not affected by imperative behaviors only in highly descriptive situations;The altruistic behavior of the low justice world belief group is only affected by the description,not by the command.When the two types of social norms are the same,the just world belief does not affect their altruistic behavior,but only when the imperative is high and descriptive is low,the just world belief will affect their altruistic behavior. |
