| On the one hand,the construction of "double first-class" requires the development of universities,on the other hand,in order to pursue the title of "double first-class",universities will move towards homogeneity.In order to guide the rational positioning and misplaced development of Chinese universities,and to achieve the development goals of different types,different levels,and different fields in different types of universities,and to strive for first-class development.This article focuses on the logic of "classification status—classification problems and reasons—diversified classification enlightenment—classification development" of college classification under the background of "double first-class" construction,to study the classification of universities from the following four aspects.First,current status of university classification.At present,according to administrative management,Chinese universities are divided into directly under the Ministry of Education,central ministries and commissions,and local colleges.According to the "double first-class" policy,Chinese universities are divided into "double first-class" colleges,"double-nons" undergraduate colleges,and higher vocational colleges.Colleges and universities.according to the coverage of disciplines,Chinese universities are divided into comprehensive,multi-discipline,and single discipline universities.According to the law,Chinese universities are divided into junior college education,undergraduate education,and postgraduate education.The academic circles and the "Chinese University Evaluation" project group mainly divide universities into research,application,and skill based on talent training.According to teaching and research,Chinese universities are divided into research type,teaching research type,research teaching type and teaching type.According to the degree conferred,it is divided into doctoral,master’s,undergraduate and specialist degree universities.Second,the problems existing in the classification of Chinese universities and the reasons.The construction of "double first-class" requires Chinese universities to follow the distinctive,differentiated and diversified way of running schools.However,at present,the classification subject of Chinese universities is single,and it is impossible to establish a classification scheme to meet the needs of stakeholders.The classification standard of universities is based on one or two dimensions,which cannot distinguish the characteristics and differences among universities.The classification method of universities is easy to make classification become ranking.The result of university classification leads to the development of fixed,closed and hierarchical universities,which limits the development space of universities.It can be seen that the current classification scheme is no longer suitable for the needs of "double first-class" construction,and will also hinder the realization of the "double first-class" construction goal.Third,diversified classification of foreign universities and Enlightenment.Increasing diversity is the condition for universities to pursue first-class and obtain more development opportunities under the background of "double first-class" construction.The choice of different classification dimensions and methods,and the presentation of different classification results will have different effects on classification.At present,countries such as Europe and the United States have established a highly institutionalized classification system.Based on the research results of foreign university classification,the background of "double first-class" construction in Chinese universities requires multiple parallel classification dimensions and multi-scale classification methods.The results need to be dynamic and open,so that different types and levels of universities can hit first-class in their respective types and levels.Fourth,the development of classification of Chinese universities under the background of "double first-class" construction.In order to realize the diversified development of universities,the classification of universities needs to be based on the principles of integration,overall balance,and dynamic development,and classification of universities from five factors: funding sources,talent training,university functions,advantageous discipline construction,and service orientation.The government should also give full play to the role of guiding and categorized running schools.Universities need to take a path of distinctive development,to enhance the international status and international competitiveness of Chinese higher education. |
