The Influence Of Affirmative Action On Higher Education Admission In America

What kind of college admission measure is more fair-minded? How to achieve fairness in Higher Education Admission? These issues are of great significance to the development of country,and of difficult problems in education reform.Since the middle of the twentieth century,higher education has been rapidly developed in America to the top position in the world,related to a series of important policies informed at that moment,one of those is Affirmative Action.American experience is worth learning and borrowing,so Affirmative Action is taken as the research object for to analyze the influence of this policy in Higher Education Admission.Contractarianism justice is a political philosophical method that values fairness of result,and Affirmative Action is a policy with embodiment of its idea: to re-distribute social resources through policies and institutions,and to compensate vulnerable groups based on freedom and equality.Contractarianism justice is taken as the research perspective of this thesis to examine the institution of compensation idea in higher education,and the implementation of admission programs under the influence of Affirmative Action.New problems caused by Affirmative Action are also been discussed.The thesis is divided into three parts: introduction,body and conclusion.The first part is the introduction.This part summarizes the origin and raise of the research problem;literature review and research gap;research methods and research value.The statement of rationality and necessity which taking the research perspective of Contractarianism Justice are also included.The second part includes the content from Chapter 1 to Chapter 4,which is the specific study of the Affirmative Action influence in higher education admission.The first chapter discusses the applicability of contractarianism justice taken as the research perspective,highlights the relationship between this method and the policy,and the process of conceptual framework.The second and third chapters consist of two parts,which are the influence of Affirmative Action on the idea of higher education admission and the admission measures.The second chapter introduces the legal effect of Affirmative Action,administrative enforcement and complaint agency,and the transformation of the idea in higher education admission.The third chapter introduces the formation of four compensation methods of higher education admission and the establishment of two normative principles.The fourth chapter discusses the new problems and causes arising from Affirmative Action.The last part is the conclusion,which is the summarization of the full study.Affirmative Action is intended to eliminate social discrimination,the compensation of higher education admission has promoted the diversification of the campus,therefor,the situation of vulnerable groups has been improved.Both of them are correspond with contractarianism justice method."Difference compensation" is not just the charity or preferential treatment to vulnerable groups.Its essence is reciprocity,which promotes social equity by improving social values and system.