Research On The Operation Mechanism Of Teacher-apprentice In Rural Primary Schools

The quality of rural teachers is the guarantee of the quality of rural schools.In order to promote the development of rural schools,the state attaches importance to the professional development of rural teachers and improves the professional level of rural teachers.However,in the actual process of carrying out mentoring,most schools pay attention to the training of new teachers,ignoring the professional development of old teachers in the process of mentoring.At present,most of the researches on teachers and apprentices in China are empirical studies,and few studies on teachers and apprentices in rural schools.After sorting out the investigation data,the author found that the teachers and apprentices in H Primary School in G County(District)of L City not only pay attention to the training of new teachers,but also pay attention to the professional development of old teachers.This is quite different from what the author learned before,which aroused the author’s interest in the study of the operating mechanism of the school.Through the case study method,this study takes H Primary School in G County(District)as a case,and takes the teachers,apprentices,principals and related management personnel that the teachers and apprentices participate in as research objects.The author conducted field research in H Primary School and explored its teacher-apprentice operation mechanism through interviews and observations.After obtaining the relevant interview materials,the author sorted,analyzed and summarized them,sorted out the basic situation of the teacher-mentoring operation in H primary school,analyzed the influencing factors and functions of the teachermentoring operation,and summarized the mechanism model of the teacher-mentoring operation.The operational mechanism mainly includes three parts: operational subject,cooperative game of subject and incentive of subject.Operational subject refers to the cooperation between master and apprentice with their respective strengths and goals through "independent selection" or "passive distribution",so that the two sides can promote each other and use each other.Subject cooperative game refers to the distribution of income between master and apprentice in the process of cooperative game under the constraints of institutional norms.Subject incentive refers to the incentive system of teacher and apprentice,which increases the enthusiasm of both teachers and apprentices to participate in teacher and apprentice.It is found that the teacher-apprentice operation of H primary school is the result of many factors.The main participants in the operation of teachers and apprentices are both teachers and apprentices.When choosing teachers,they are all high-level teachers assessed by the government and excellent teachers recognized by the school.Masters have self-requirements;The apprentice is a novice teacher who studies,tests and trains through systematic demonstration;Match on the premise of mutual willingness.After the master and apprentice signed the agreement,the master and apprentice cooperated through teaching,teaching and scientific research,and the school bound the master and apprentice with the help of the local policy text.Under the conditions of voluntary mentoring and institutional constraints,both mentoring and mentoring play a cooperative game to achieve professional growth,thus promoting the development of H primary school.In addition,in order to ensure the sustainable operation of teachers and apprentices,the school implements binding incentives.Focusing on the professional growth of both teachers and apprentices,it is promoted by external drivers such as matching between teachers and apprentices,institutional constraints,and binding incentives,so as to promote the effectiveness of mentoring.In other words,the operating mechanism of teachers and apprentices is a positive feedback mechanism formed under the interaction of internal driving force gained by teachers and apprentices and external driving force constrained and encouraged by the school and the government: "responsible subject-subject cooperative game-subject benefit-Subject honor-responsible behavior".