Research On The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On The Polarization Of The Chinese Labor Force

In the 1990 s,the employment structure of the labor market in developed countries in Europe and the United States showed a phenomenon of skill demand differentiation.The demand for high-skilled labor and low-skilled labor increased,while the demand for middle-skilled labor and the proportion of employment in the middle of the skill structure declined.Foreign scholars refer to this phenomenon as labor polarization.At present,the reasons for the phenomenon of labor polarization at home and abroad are mostly focused on skill-biased technological progress.Entering the 21 st century,the era of intelligence with artificial intelligence,big data,and digitization as its core features is coming to us quietly.As a representative of skill-biased technologies,artificial intelligence is profoundly affecting and changing the employment structure of the labor market.The research in this article first defines the definition of artificial intelligence.It analyzes the overall scope,industry,and regional labor structure in China from the three dimensions of education level,average wage level,and work tasks.The research finds that current labor force employment upgrade and polarization coexist in china.The theoretical model borrows from Acemoglu’s(2010)Ricardo model of the labor market and introduces artificial intelligence variables.Under the influence of artificial intelligence,the relationship between the three task ranges of the role of labor skills is established,and it is found that artificial intelligence will cause the shrinkage of the middle-skilled task range relative to the high-skilled task range and the low-skilled task range,and eventually labor polarization.The empirical selection of panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2018 reveals that the application of artificial intelligence will lead to a nationwide labor polarization,and analyzes the regional differentiation of labor polarization.The policy recommendations mainly have three points.One is to change the concept of talent training and cultivate compound highskilled talents;the second is to strengthen vocational education and training to guide the labor force to adapt to new technologies;the third is to actively develop the AI base layer and promote AI+ to serve the real economy.One of the innovations of this article is to extend and expand the perspective of labor polarization research.This article is the first to study the problem of labor polarization based on artificial intelligence technology;the second innovation is the improvement of the theoretical model of labor polarization.This paper constructs a theoretical model diagram of the influence of artificial intelligence on labor polarization,and makes a marginal modification and improvement of the Ricardo model of the labor market of Acemoglu and Autor(2010).