Research On The Problems And Countermeasures In The Setting Of Speciality Catalog Of Vocational Education In China

The specialty catalog of vocational education is located at the top of the framework of national teaching standard system,which is an important basis for the specialty setting and management of vocational colleges.At present,there are many problems in the specialty catalog of vocational education.This paper attempts to take the existing key problems as the starting point,analyze the causes,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the basis of learning from overseas experience,so as to provide some reference ideas for the compilation of specialty catalog of vocational education in China.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)the functional orientation of the specialty catalog of vocational education in China has the function of ‘bridge’ connecting the professional world and the education world,the function of ‘convergence’ connecting different levels of vocational education,and the function of ‘bottom-up’ ensuring the quality of vocational education personnel training.(2)The development process and law of specialty catalog of vocational education in China can be summarized by ‘five stages and three main lines’.After years of development,it has made some experience and achievements.(3)The first key problem in the setting of specialty catalog of vocational education in China is the setting of specialty,which is reflected in the unreasonable setting and adjustment of the catalog.The reason is the lack of the basis for the division of specialty setting in line with the characteristics of type education and the adjustment mechanism of specialty matching with the dynamic development of industry.By comparison,it is found that the specialty setting of vocational education in Germany and the United States starts from social occupation;The specialty adjustment mechanism is flexible to meet the market demand.Therefore,the major of vocational education should be set up on the basis of the main logic of career evolution;Clarify the impact of career evolution on the adjustment of vocational education.(4)The second key problem is the integration problem,which is manifested in that the cohesion of all levels of the directory is not close enough to meet the needs of the construction of modern vocational education system.The reason is the lack of awareness of the systematic training of technical and skilled talents,and the establishment of the standard system of vocational education personnel training at all levels.Through comparison,it is found that the United States and the United Kingdom both construct different levels of vocational education around the unified classification standard;The training standards of talents at different levels in the UK,the US and Taiwan of China are clear and the professional orientation is clear.In this regard,we should unify the specialty catalog of vocational education at all levels according to the industry classification;Improve the personnel training specifications matching with the construction of modern vocational education system;According to the structure of knowledge and ability of talents in various industries,connect the specialty catalog of vocational education at all levels.(5)The third key problem is the management system,which shows that the compilation and management of the catalog is not standardized enough.The reason is that the main body is still dominated by the administration of the government,and the ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ of the directory management system are not coordinated.It is found that the subjects of specialty setting in Germany and the United States are diversified,and the setting process embodies democratic consultation;The specialty addition follows the high quality standard,and the specialty catalog follows the generative logic.In this regard,we should improve the subject power allocation mechanism of specialty catalog setting based on the modern vocational education governance system;Under the guidance of scientific methodology,the working rules of specialty catalog compilation should be established;We will improve the management of specialty setting and establish a dynamic updating mechanism for the catalog.