Study On Fertility Desire Of Childbearing Age People Under The "Comprehensive Two-Child" Policy In Yichang

In 1982,family planning was defined as the basic national policy and became one of the national policies with great influence on the development of our country.The long-term implementation of the family planning policy led to the reduction of fertility below replacement levels in the country since the 1990 s.In recent years,in response to the declining fertility rate,the country began to adjust its population policy,starting in 2013,the introduction of a "single two-child" and a comprehensive two-child policy.The introduction of the policy has played a certain role in promoting fertility,fertility has rebounded,but lower than expected,the population situation remains grim.The main purpose of this paper is to investigate and study the fertility intention of the people of childbearing age in Yichang under the "comprehensive two-child" policy,and give some suggestions on how to improve the fertility rate on this basis.In order to grasp the real situation,the author put in the questionnaire in 14 counties and districts of Yichang City from November 2019 to March 2020,and collected 538 valid questionnaires.Combined with the questionnaire data,this paper found that the main problems of the current situation of fertility in Yichang are the low willingness of two children to have children,and the insufficient coverage of policy propaganda and so on.By means of questionnaire survey,individual interview and Logistic regression model analysis,538 questionnaires were analyzed,and the present situation and influencing factors of fertility intention were investigated.The research shows that the present situation of fertility in Yichang is still not optimistic,and 50% of the children of childbearing age do not have the intention to have two children at present,which indicates that the fertility intention has not been obviously improved after the implementation of the "comprehensive two-child" policy.The factors that have positive influence on fertility intention in Yichang city are ideal number of children,marriage and childbearing,number of siblings and city of residence,etc.Based on the analysis results,the following countermeasures are proposed.First,we should grasp the policy window period and increase policy flexibility;second,we should speed up economic construction and raise the income level of residents;third,we should improve social services and policy matching to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas;fourth,we should broaden women’s employment channels and reduce occupational risks;and fifth,we should innovate propaganda and guidance models to advocate a new type of reproductive culture.