Research On The Influence Of Technological Progress On Employment In China

Employment is fundamental to our people’s livelihood and the key to harmonious and stable economic and social development.In the government work report of 2020,it is emphasized that under the premise of promoting the normalization of novel coronavirus epidemic prevention and control,the government should adhere to the general keynote of seek improvement in stability and strengthen the work of "six stability" to ensure the employment of residents and the basic livelihood of the people.He stressed the need to stabilize existing employment,actively increase new employment and promote the reemployment of the unemployed.In 2020,11.86 million new urban jobs were created.Due to the recurrence and instability of the epidemic,the foundation for economic recovery is still somewhat weak.The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),held in October 2020,provided an in-depth analysis of the international and domestic development situation,and again mentioned China’s priority policy of strengthening labor force employment.The 2021 Government Work Report set a target of creating 11 million new urban jobs this year,and the 14 th Five-Year Plan also listed a surveyed urban unemployment rate of no more than 5.5 percent as one of the main targets.All the above reflect the importance of our country to the employment problem.Science and technology are the primary productive forces.Technological progress has greatly improved labor productivity and accelerated the pace of economic development.With the development of the new generation of information technology revolution,artificial intelligence,cloud computing and other new technologies have promoted the change of industry,the continuous renewal of traditional industries,new industries have also begun to sprout and develop,the industrial structure has been adjusted at the same time,the employment situation has also undergone a great change.This paper respectively from the level of total employment and the employment structure to explore the relationship between technological progress and employment,the technological progress and employment on the basis of the relevant theoretical research,the relationship between technological progress and employment mechanism of further exploration,and mapped the influence mechanism diagram,then the current situation of the technical progress of our country and makes a systematical analysis of the basic conditions of employment,on the basis of these,using the relevant data for further empirical research in China,using unit root test,cointegration test and granger causality test,empirical method and established the relevant vector autoregressive(VAR)model,The method of impulse response analysis and variance decomposition is adopted.Finally,according to the research conclusions,optimization suggestions are put forward that can give play to the advantages of technological progress in China and further promote employment.The results show that: in the level of total employment,the labor productivity of our country is used as the index to measure the technology,and the econometric model is established together with the total employment for empirical analysis,and the technological progress has a positive effect on employment.From the perspective of employment structure,the author selects different industries to compare labor productivity and industrial employment proportion to establish corresponding econometric model,and obtains the conclusion that technological progress can only promote the employment of tertiary industry,and there is no co-integration relationship with the employment of primary and secondary industries.Finally,on the basis of fully learning the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the19 th CPC Central Committee and the Central Economic Work Conference,combined with the previous theoretical,current and empirical studies,optimization suggestions are put forward on how China’s technological progress promotes employment from the perspectives of government,enterprises and laborers.The government should guide and encourage the independent innovation of enterprises,speed up the construction of high-tech industrial parks,increase the investment of human capital and accelerate the improvement of the system and mechanism of scientific and technological innovation.Enterprises should enhance their ability of technological innovation,promote the rational allocation of production factors,actively play the role of labor-intensive industries in absorbing employment and improve the level of technological progress of tertiary industry enterprises.As for workers,we should improve the system of lifelong vocational skills training,vigorously develop vocational and social education,stimulate our own creativity,and accelerate the improvement of workers’ skills and their comprehensive skills.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the use of China’s latest data through the establishment of vector autoregressive(VAR)model to explore the impact of technological progress on China’s total employment and industrial employment structure,through impulse response and variance decomposition and other empirical methods to analyze the specific impact trends.However,there are still some deficiencies in this paper.It only analyzes the overall situation of technological progress and employment in China from the macro level,which is not universal to the specific situation of the region and needs to be further explored.In addition,the technical progress in the research on the influence of the employment structure,employment structure of industry,industry structure of employment,and worker quality structure are carried on the descriptive analysis,considering the availability of data and empirical methods of normative,only from the perspective of industry empirical research,failed to establish related model to carry on the empirical analysis from multiple angles,empirical research is not comprehensive.