Based On The Study Of Population Deconstruction Under The Governance Of "Big City Disease" In Beijing

Since the 1990s,many megacities,led by Beijing,Shanghai and shenzhen,have not reduced their population size,but expanded more rapidly,and urban diseases have become increasingly serious.As the capital of China,Beijing bears the four functions of political center,cultural center,international communication center and scientific and technological innovation center.In the past,with its rapid economic development and unique advantages in political,cultural,medical and educational resources,it attracted a large number of people to enter the city,and the urban population expanded rapidly.From 2000 to 2010,the population of Beijing grew rapidly.The permanent resident population increased from 13.636 million to 1.619 million,an increase of 5.983 million and an average annual growth of 544,000.Among them,the migrant population increased by 4.486 million,accounting for 75%of the total population growth.While the influx of a large number of foreign population brings demographic dividend to cities,it also seriously challenges the carrying capacity of urban resources and environment,and affects the coordinated economic development of the capital and surrounding areas.A series of "big city diseases" such as traffic jam,housing shortage and environmental deterioration are increasingly prominent.In order to alleviate a series of "big city diseases" caused by excessive population concentration,general secretary xi jinping proposed in the report of the 19th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC)that the "bull’s eye" of non-capital functions should be focused on,and the "big city diseases" of Beijing should be solved by orderly distribution of non-capital functions,so as to promote the coordinated development of the beijing-tianjin-hebei region.Under this research background,this paper analyzes the population status,existing problems and existing regulation policies of Beijing in recent years through empirical analysis and domestic and foreign comparison.The specific contents are as follows.(1)through the study of the population status of Beijing,it is found that currently,Beijing’s population mainly exists in the following aspects:①the population base is large,the solution is difficult.②the foreign population is the main source of population growth.③uneven spatial distribution,the central city population density is too large.④The phenomenon of "separation of occupation and residence" is prominent,and traffic congestion is serious.⑤The aging of the population is a serious problem;The proportion of people employed in non-capital functional industries is still high.(2)Beijing has been exploring the practice of population control for many years.In recent years,the population has been regulated mainly through such regulatory measures as "using certificates to manage people,housing to manage people,and industry to control people",removing non-capital functions,and strictly controlling the increment of industry.Based on the experience of foreign city governance and population control,the following Suggestions are put forward for population distribution in Beijing:(1)to strengthen the national top-level design and guide the orderly flow and balanced development of population throughout the country.(2)based on the perspective of coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,Beijing aims at"dredging up"and "undertaking",and Beijing will assist tianjin and hebei in the construction of undertaking areas by taking advantage of the role of radiation driving.Build Beijing’s "two wings" to a high standard and become a pilot and demonstration area for the coordinated development of the beijing-tianjin-hebei region.(3)based on the internal governance of Beijing,"total control" and "restructuring" combined,do a good job in the central urban areas of some business enterprises and medical,educational institutions,careful planning,guide the balanced and reasonable distribution of population.