Research On Teacher-student Interaction In Primary STEM Classrooms Based On Project-based Learning

STEM education,which emphasizes interdisciplinary integration and focuses on the cultivation of students’ core skills in the 21st century,is a strategic choice for education reform in countries around the world.In recent years,China has been actively exploring and practicing STEM education,and the survey results of National Institute of Education Sciences(NIES)show that Project-based Learning(PBL)is the most important form of STEM curriculum organization,but there are still many problems to be solved in practice.The development and optimization of any educational activity cannot be separated from the observation and study of the classroom,which is a continuous process of teacher-student interaction with two-way subjects and based on the interaction of emotions and knowledge.Therefore,this paper focuses on teacher-student interaction in primary school STEM classrooms based on Project-based Learning,combines quantitative and qualitative research methods,summarizes the characteristics of teacher-student interaction in primary school STEM classrooms based on Project-based Learning,and puts forward optimization Suggestions for existing problems.Firstly,the current research status of STEM education,classroom observation,teacher-student interaction and Flarders’ Interaction Analysis System(FIAS)was sorted out,and the core concepts of "STEM classrooms" and "teacher-student interaction in classrooms" were defined on the basis of literature research.Secondly,the author introduces the research object,and on the basis of the previous theoretical research and field research,the author designs a teacher-student interactive coding system for primary school STEM classrooms based on Project-based Learning by referring to FIAS.At the same time,the system is used to encode the teaching videos,and the ratio,matrix and curve analysis are used to analyze the coding data in combination with the specific teacher-student interaction.Thirdly,the teacher interview and the teacher-student interaction in STEM classrooms students’ tendency towards teachers’words and deeds questionnaire were arranged and analyzed as a supplement to classroom observation.According to the analysis results of teaching videos,teacher interviews and student questionnaires,the teacher-student interaction in primary school STEM classrooms based on Project-based Learning is in a good state:democratic teacher-student verbal interaction makes the classroom emotional atmosphere harmonious;the unique teacher-student non-verbal interaction makes the classroom full of vitality.However,there are still shortcomings,among which the common problems mainly include:(1)closed and shallow questioning,and lack of in-depth interaction between teachers and students;(2)the evaluation is simplified and generalized,affecting the enthusiasm of students to participate in the interaction;(3)disordered classroom order affects the orderly teacher-student interaction.In addition,some research objects are difficult to withdraw from the learning framework built by teachers,which leads to the imbalance of teacher-student interaction.Finally,optimization strategies are proposed to solve the above problems,which mainly include:(1)strengthening multidisciplinary teachers’ teamwork to improve the quality of teacher-student interaction;(2)around the project design has the situation the open questions to promote in-depth interaction between teachers and students;(3)strengthen the incentive guidance function of evaluation to improve the effectiveness of teacher-student interaction;(4)guide relaxation and encourage students to develop independently in teacher-student interaction.