| Research purpose: The middle and long distance running event used to be an advantageous track and field event in China,but in recent years it has rarely achieved good results.It can be seen that the overall strength of the middle and long distance running event in China needs to be improved.The predecessors have conducted research on the running technique of excellent middle and long distance runners in China,but there are few studies on the running technique of junior middle and long distance runners.Junior athletes is an important reserve force in building a strong sports country in China.Therefore,this study takes kinematic characteristics of running techniques of junior male middle and long distance runners in track and field single training base in China as the research object,and carries out kinematic analysis on the running techniques of four sampling points in the whole track of14-17-year-old men’s 800 m and 1500 m athletes in China,aiming to understand the technical characteristics of men’s 800 m and 1500 m athletes in different sports levels and age groups,exploring the technical characteristics changes of the junior men’s800m and 1500 m athletes in different stages and at different speeds,as well as the shortcomings of their running techniques.Research methods: This study takes the methods of literature,two-dimensional video analysis and mathematical statistics as the research methods.Two JVC GC-PX100 BAC high-speed cameras are used for plane fixed-point shooting in the two-dimensional video analysis method.The captured video data are analyzed by using kinovea-0.8.27 video analysis software.Spss 21.0 statistical software is use for analyze the data by independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation analysis.Research result:(1)There was a significant negative correlation between the speed of single step and the performance of 800 m athletes at 550 m and 750 m sampling points and 1500 m athletes at 650 m and 1050 m sampling points(p<0.01),and there was a significant difference between the second-level group and the third-level group in the single-step speed among the above sampling points(p<0.05).(2)There was a significant difference between the single-step frequency of the 550 m and 750 m sampling points of the 800 m athletes and the 650 m sampling points of the1500 m athletes in the second-level group and the third-level group(p <0.05),and there was no significant difference between the single-step length in the two groups(p>0.05).(3)There was a significant difference between the 550 m,750m sampling point single-step time,750 m sampling point support time,and flight time of the 800 m athletes in the second-level group and the third-level group(p<0.05),and there was a significant difference between the 650 m sampling point single-step time,and support time of the 1500 m athletes in the second-level group and the third-level group(p<0.05).(4)There was no significant difference between the joint angle of the 800 m athletes in the second-level group and the third-level group at the landing phase(p>0.05),and there was a significant difference between the thigh angle,swing leg ankle angle,swing leg hip angle at the maximum buffering phase 750 m sampling point in two groups(p<0.05),and there are significant differences between the tibial angle of the supporting leg at the sampling point of 350 m,550m and 750 m,the thigh angle,the swing leg hip angle,the shoulder angle at the 750 m sampling point in two groups at the off ground phase(p<0.05);There was a significant difference between the support leg hip angle of the 1500 m athletes at the landing phase 650 m sampling point in the second-level group and the third-level group(p<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the joint angle in two groups at the maximum buffering phase(p>0.05),and there are significant differences between the thigh angle,the swing leg ankle angle at the 1450 m sampling point in two groups at the off ground phase(p<0.05).Research conclusion:(1)The second half speed of the 800 m race and the speed in the middle of 1500 m race of 14-17-year-old junior male has more influence on the result of the race.(2)The speed of 14-17-year-old junior male 800 m athletes shows‘fast then slow’,the speed of the second half of the athletes decreased significantly which was mainly manifested as a decrease in step length and a weak ability to accelerate at the second half of the race;the speed and speed increase of the second half in the secondary group were significantly higher than that in the tertiary group which was mainly manifested by the significantly higher step frequency and the significantly higher step frequency,and the significantly higher acceleration ability at the second half of the race.(3)The speed of 14-17-year-old junior male 1500 m athletes shows ‘saddle shape’,the speed in the middle decreased significantly,which was mainly manifested in the decrease of step length and step frequency at the same time,and the weak ability of maintaining speed in the middle of the competition;the whole process speed of the athletes in the secondary group was higher than that in the tertiary group,which was mainly manifested in the higher step length and step frequency.(4)The main problems of the 14-17-year-old junior male 800 m and 1500 m athletes are the weak supporting ability of the supporting leg,the inactive cutting and twisting of the legs,and the inactive swinging of the upper arm,and with the increase of competition distance,the single step time was relatively stable,but the single step time structure showed the phenomenon that the support time was gradually longer,and the flying time was gradually shorter;the single step time,support time and flying time of the athletes in the secondary group were all lower than those in the tertiary group,and the single step time structure stability of the secondary group was higher than that of the tertiary group,and the main reason for this is that the athletes in the secondary group were more active in pushing the supporting leg,more active in cutting and twisting of the legs. |
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