Research On The Evaluation Index And Standard System Of Sports Quality In Elite Rhythmic Gymnastics Athletes Of China

Objective: With the continuous development of rhythmic gymnastics(RG)and the continual revision of scoring rules,the level of athletes’ technology and sports quality are being improved and broken through constantly as well,thus an up-to-date as well as in-depth research is needed.Current study,combining with the characteristics of rhythmic gymnastics,undertook a systematical research on the evaluation matter of sports quality of present sport’s athletes,and,based on the understanding of the characteristics of the Chinese elite RG athlete’s sports quality,a set of novel,scientific and reasonable system of evaluation indexes and evaluation standards with regard to the sports quality of elite RG athletes was established,aiming to provide a reference for the assessment,supervision,training and adjustment of the sports quality of RG athletes,so that the sports quality of Chinese elite RG athletes could be improved effectively and relevant theoretical research could be enriched.Methods: Methods of literature review,expert interview,and questionnaire were adopted to screen the sports quality indexes of rhythmic gymnastics;test method was employed to measure the sports quality indexes of 55 elite RG athletes of China who were on active duty;mathematical statistics methods were applied to make comparisons for the characteristics of sports quality of rhythmic gymnasts athletes between different levels as well as different ages,to optimize the indexes and determine the weights of which,and,finally,establish the evaluation standards for them.Results:(1)Comparing with the first level group,the master level group was significantly better in the test results of standing long jump,30 seconds of v-ups with both legs passing through the rope,30 meters’ sprint,antero-posterior split(elevated,left & right sides),front leg control(left & right sides),side leg control(left side),and hexagonal jump test(P< 0.05);while the first level group was remarkably better than the master level group in the measurement outcomes of 1 minute’s back extension in prone position and back arch(P< 0.05).(2)In the test results of standing long jump,30 seconds of v-ups with both legs passing through the rope,30 meters’ sprint,front leg control(left & right sides),and side leg control(left side),the adult group was dramatically better than juvenile group(P< 0.05);however,in the comparison of the test outcomes of the 1 minute’s back extension in prone position and back arch between the adult and juvenile group,the latter was considerably high(P< 0.05).Conclusion:(1)The characteristics of the sports quality of elite RG of China athletes were further explored.The power of lower limb,action and movement speed,hip joint flexibility and agility of master athletes were significantly better than those of the first-class athletes;whereas the first-class athletes was better than the master athletes noticeably in the core strength endurance and spine flexibility.The power of lower limb,action and movement speed,and hip joint flexibility of adult group were significantly better than those of the juvenile group;however,the juvenile group was considerably better than the adult group in the core strength endurance and spine flexibility.(2)A set of system of evaluation indexes about the sports quality of elite RG athletes of China was established.Firstly,7 first level indexes,11 second level indexes and 18 third level indexes were determined;secondly,by statistically optimizing the included indexes,6 common factors were obtained,including flexibility factor,endurance factor,balance factor,explosive power factor,speed of action factor and strength endurance factor;finally,6 typical evaluation indexes were determined.(3)The weights of the typical evaluation indexes were determined.The descending order of the typical evaluation indexes’ weights was as follow: front leg control(left side,0.293),400 meters’ sprint(0.169),Basset stance(left side,0.166),standing long jump(0.140),15 times of fast leg upward kick in supine position(right side,0.128),and 1 minute’s back extension in prone position(0.104).(4)The evaluation standards of the typical evaluation indexes were established.The 20-point scoring system and 5-level scoring standard for the typical evaluation indexes of the sports quality of the adult group and the juvenile group were established respectively.(5)The evaluation index and standard system of sports quality established by current study could effectively assess the advantages and disadvantages of the individual athlete’s sports quality,and thus provides reference for sports quality training.