| The first community foundation in the world was established in the United States in the 10 s of the 20 th century.now,the establishment and development of community foundation has gone through a history of more than one hundred years.At present,there are more than 1750 community foundations in more than 50 countries around the world.According to the Global Community Foundation Development report(2010),a community foundation should essentially be a publicly funded charity,not a foundation.Community foundations have multiple financing channels,establish permanent endowment funds for the community,effectively develop all kinds of existing resources in the community and serve the community public welfare.In our country,while the transformation of government functions takes place,part of the functional rights are also transferred to the society,but there are still social organizations that rely too much on the government "blood transfusion",and there are communication faults among different subjects in the environment of community governance.problems that affect the efficiency and effectiveness of community governance.Community foundations are strongly promoted and supported by the government because of their natural attributes.In 2008,the first community foundation in China was established in Shenzhen.From 2014 to 2015,Shenzhen,Shanghai and other places issued a series of support policies,and community foundations blossomed in Guangdong,Shanghai and other places.So far,more than160 community foundations have been set up in China,with a registered capital of more than 200 million yuan.As a pioneer in promoting the establishment and development of community foundations,Shanghai issued a series of "1-6" documents in 2014,promoting the pace of innovation in grass-roots social governance and explicitly encouraging the development of community foundations.Since then,Shanghai has issued the "Shanghai Community Foundation Construction guidelines(trial)" to regulate its development.As of September 2019,the number of community foundations in Shanghai has reached 80,with total net assets of 255 million yuan,more than 600 public welfare projects,public welfare expenditure of more than 4800 million yuan,and serving more than 1 million people of the community.In a series of policy advocacy,the government highlights the new orientation of the community foundation: a new platform for integrating community resources,innovating community governance and building a social governance community.the aim is to solve the dilemma of low utilization of community resources and fragmentation of community governance.However,the community foundation also faces the development dilemma in the actual operation.As far as the Shanghai area is concerned,more than 70% of the community foundations in the city are government-led community foundations,that is,the registration and development of administrative-driven community foundations.There are common problems in community foundations under the background of the government,such as high coverage in various districts,streets and towns,but obvious differences in quality,and some government-led community foundations rely too much on government resources and guidance to operate excessively administratively,becoming a "zombie" organization,which undoubtedly runs counter to the beautiful vision of setting up a community foundation in the first place.The fundamental reason is that the community foundation does not understand its inherent dual attributes and its role in community governance,that is,the legitimacy of the community foundation has been ignored.Legitimacy not only refers to the role of the legal system,but also includes the impact of culture,concepts,social expectations and other environment on the organization.The legitimacy of the community foundation is the basis of its survival,and the premise for any community foundation to cultivate the community deeply and develop stably is to aim at the different needs of multiple subjects.The research of some scholars on the legitimacy of community foundation shows that the degree of legitimacy of community foundation has a direct impact on its future development.As a relatively new type of social organization,behind the government’s promotion of its establishment is the expectation to play a role in gathering community resources,promoting community public participation in co-governance and achieving community stability;other social organizations in the community are unable to carry out personalized services in a deep level,and also rely on the information exchange platform of the community foundation to solve the problem.At the same time,enterprises and institutions are also actively exploring appropriate ways to fulfill their social responsibilities and establish a good image.From their own point of view,different subjects hope that the participation of community foundations can become a breakthrough to solve the problem of development.It can not be ignored that community foundations not only face the above multiple demands,but also face the construction and legalization of legal identity and self-role positioning.Combined with the actual local development,the legitimacy of community foundations can be roughly divided into three dimensions: political legitimacy,legal legitimacy and social legitimacy.Moreover,the author believes that in the local growth environment,political legitimacy is the legal basis of the government-led community foundation,and the government-led community foundation is the first to obtain political legitimacy at the beginning of registration.then the government actively formulated corresponding laws and regulations to enhance the legal legitimacy of the community foundation,and the community foundation was able to gain a place to survive.However,many community foundations have come to a standstill after reaching this step,and they do not attach importance to or are unable to attach importance to the acquisition and promotion of social legitimacy.Moreover,political legitimacy and legal legitimacy have new requirements and demands for community foundations in different periods,which urgently need a positive response from community foundations.For the above legitimacy issues,the author sorts out the following reasons: first,the government-led community foundation has both political and social identity,and its dual identity is equally important.Second,there is a continuous tension between the political legitimacy and social legitimacy of the community foundation,which is reflected in the formulation of institutional vision,operation mode and path choice.Third,the community foundation does not take positive action strategies at different stages to the tension of legitimacy,which leads to its development dilemma.Therefore,for the Shanghai government-led community foundation,it is a common phenomenon that the legitimacy of the community foundation is unbalanced in three dimensions at different stages of development.For the sustainable development of community foundations,the acquisition and promotion of social legitimacy under the leadership of the government has become a key factor.The attitude of the government-led community foundation in the face of the tension between legitimacy is very important.How to take action strategies to obtain and enhance social legitimacy is worthy of in-depth exploration and analysis.In order to explore the above problems,the author uses the methods of literature,case study and participatory observation to collect relevant materials,and selects the representative and forward-looking Y Community Foundation as the object of case study.it starts from the interaction between the community foundation and other subjects of community governance.This paper discusses the inherent logic of the legitimacy of Y community foundation at different growth stages from the three dimensions of political legitimacy,legal legitimacy and social legitimacy,and makes an in-depth study on the tension between political legitimacy and social legitimacy.explore what action strategies the Y Community Foundation should take to enhance social legitimacy so as to achieve sustainable development.The purpose of this paper is to provide a legitimate and logical perspective and practical path for the government-led community foundation,and hope that the government-led community foundation can provide valuable suggestions in exploring the path of sustainable development.Research shows that Y community foundation has the basic premise of political legitimacy and legal legitimacy,the acquisition and promotion of social legitimacy can not produce results because of short-term actions,but a process of continuous exploration and progress.According to the research results of Y Community Foundation,the strategy of government-led community foundation to improve social legitimacy can be succinctly summarized as the following points: first,emotional orientation and shaping the image of being close to the people.that is,because of its government-led background,the government-led community foundation makes it easy for the public to regard it as a government-run organization set up by the grass-roots government,but the community foundation is essentially a community charitable organization.An active understanding of the history and humanities of the area will help to break the ice.The second is to focus on the local needs,to build a brand project,that is,to conduct an in-depth survey of the community,the project is based on the needs of the community and continuously improve the quality and influence of the brand project,and the third is to advocate participatory governance and create an atmosphere of community co-governance.that is,people’s cities,people’s construction,and community public welfare participation platform.The fourth is to gather multiple resources and build a community social organization support system,that is,the development of community social organizations is the core of mutual promotion,and community foundations play an effective role in integrating the joint community co-governance platform to promote the construction of community public welfare system. |
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