Researches On The Communist Party Of China Handling The Relationship Between PRC And Africa(1949-1976)

China-Africa relations are a very important part in the history of China ’s foreign relations,and strengthening solidarity and cooperation with African countries is an important foundation for China ’s foreign policy.In the course of the development of China-Africa relations,the complex international circumstance and changing international relations have had a large impact on the development of China-Africa relations.The development of China-Africa relations has experienced many ups and downs and accumulated A lot of useful experience.This article mainly selects the period about the development process of China-Africa relations from the founding of New China in 1949 to the end of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1976 to carry out in-depth research on.Taking the important judgments made by Mao Zedong,Zhou Enlai and other party leaders in handling China-Africa relations as well as the guidelines and policies formulated as the starting point and using the important events in the development of China-Africa relations from 1949 to 1976 as clues to analyze how the Communist Party of China handles China-Africa relations.This article is divided into five topics: the policy of the Communist Party of China on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Africa in the early days of the founding of New China;the position of the first generation of the party ’s leadership on the African National Independence Movement;the impact of the conflict between China and India on the CCP ’s policy on Africa;The destruction of China-Africa relations by the leftist theory;the transformation of Mao Zedong’s diplomatic thought in the late "Cultural Revolution" and the improvement of China-Africa relations.Before the Bandung Conference,the development of China-Africa relations has not entered the track.African countries actively strive for national independence and liberation.China is fighting for national independence and consolidating national security.China-Africa is mainly based on non-governmental exchanges.The three major diplomatic policies established at the beginning of the founding of China,the principles for negotiating to establish diplomatic relations,and the position on how to deal with the Taiwan question in diplomatic work laid the foundation for the development of China-Africa relations.After the mid-1950 s,the rapid development of Sino-African relations is inextricably linked to the Chinese Communist Party ’s position of vigorously supporting African national liberation movements.Before the Bandung Conference,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a decision to establish an international peaceful united front and implemented it at the Bandung Conference,establishing a good image of China in the world.After analyzing the international and domestic situation,the leaders of the Communist Party of China began to provide economic assistance to the African National Independence Movement since the Suez Canal in 1955.This decision has spurred the continuous development of China-Africa relations.At the same time,on the basis of observing the Asian-African National Independence Movement,Mao Zedong and other leaders formed the theory of "three doctrines" and "two middle grounds",which further guided China’s work on Africa.In the course of the development of China-Africa relations,an event that had an important impact on the development of China-Africa relations occurred—the War between China and Indian.First,the outbreak of the China-Indian war caused the contradiction between China and the Soviet Union to appear in front of others,and the Chinese Communist Party ’s view about neutral position and attitude towards the nationalist countries bega“ to change;”he policy began to be radical,and it was urgent to open up Africa diplomacy situation.Therefore,Zhou Enlai visited Africa in 1963 and proposed the famous "Five Principles for Dealing with Relations with Arab Countries and African Countries" and "Eight Principles for Foreign Economic and Technical Assistance" to expand economic assistance to African countries.Finally,the China-Indian war led the Chinese Communist Party leaders to doubt the idea of "peaceful coexistence",gradually emphasizing the concept of seeking peace through war,and promoting this idea among African countries.In the mid to late 1960 s,China-Africa relations fell into a trough.On the one hand,the "extreme left" theory was initiated,and the CPC leaders ’judgment on the international situation changed,which had an adverse impact on diplomatic work.The African state’s suspicion of China’s foreign policy,the sharp reduction in political and economic exchanges between China and Africa,and even the cessation of diplomatic relations between New China and some African countries,China-Africa relations fell into a trough.At the end of 1968,this situation received the attention of Mao Zedong.Mao Zedong began to personally engage in diplomatic work,and the situation soon improved.In the 1970 s,the construction of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway was completed,China resumed its legal seat in the United Nations,and China-US relations improved.Mao Zedong timely put forward the theory of the division of the "three worlds",which promoted the maintenance of high-level exchanges of visits between China and Africa,and the deepening of economic and trade relations.China-Africa relations have entered a normal development track.Observing China’s policies and strategies for handling China-Africa relations during 1949-1976,The leaders of the Communist Party of China with Mao Zedong as the core have made active efforts to develop China-Africa relations,adhere to the bottom line,combine principle with flexibility,and seize the opportunities for African countries to cooperate and actively resolve conflicts and differences between the two sides have created conditions for the stable development of China-Africa relations after the reform and opening up.Throughout the period,the CPC ’s policies and strategies for handling relations between China and Africa can draw several enlightenments: First,take the "Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" as the basic principle for handling China-Africa relations;Second,continue to deepen friendship and promote win-win development;Third,weaken ideological factors and promote the transformation of China-Africa relations into direction of a dominance of economic interests.