An Empirical Reserch On The Optimization Of Long-term Care Models For Disabled Elderly In Urban And Rural Areas

Although community home care,institutional care and other formal care models continue to rise,and various regions are actively exploring advanced care models,there are still practical difficulties in Chinese long-term care services,such as huge demand for care,weakened family care resources and so on.In this background,this paper conducted an empirical study from the perspective of factors influencing the long-term care of disabled elderly people in urban and rural China,trying to find an effective way to optimize the long-term care,in order to provide suggestions for the balanced development of long-term care services in China.In the theoretical research,this investigation utilizes the tool Citespace to organize and describe existing documents in theoretical research,which further defines the core concept and illustrate the theory of public products and helps with welfare pluralism and other theoretical bases.In demonstration and analysis,it first describes the current situation of long-term care services in China,pointing out the current flaws and leading to the key point to the actual research.In addition,the empirical research design of this paper and the assumptions of this paper based on the existing research are also introduced.Then,using the data from the 2018 CLHLS,select data samples of 2570 disable elderly people.Based on the ecosystem theory,the explanatory variables in this study are divided into three types:individual characteristics,family life factors and social environment factors.Based on the theory of welfare pluralism,the long-term care style(formal and informal care)was taken as the explained variable.Respectively,to establish the overall sample,sample towns,rural sample three binary logistic regression model to analysis the elderly long-term care way influence factors and the differences between urban and rural.The main conclusions are as follows:To begin with,identical characteristics have an impact on the use of long-term care styles,women,highly educated,and seriously disabled old would prefer more formal ways of caring.However,rural areas are more affected by the above characteristics than urban areas.Secondly,the disabled elderly with sufficient family care resources tend to informal care,and the influence of marital characteristics is more profound in urban areas,and the effect of the characteristics of care hours on the disabled elderly in rural areas is more profound.Thirdly,disabled elderly with community living care services tend to formal care,which is more affective in rural areas.The disabled elderly in urban areas with community medical care service tend to informal care,but have no significant effect on rural areas.Fourth,among disabled elderly people in urban areas,those who have medical insurance tend to take informal care,while those who have endowment insurance tend to take formal care,with the increase of the number of endowment insurance,the probability of using formal care will increase but the two types of insurance have no significant impact on rural areas.To sum up,some suggestions were proposed about optimizing long-term care about optimizing the long-term care of disabled elderly in urban and rural areas in China from the following aspects.First,guide the rural conservative disabled elderly to change their thinking,cultivate scientific concept of care,and fully grasp the change of long-term care needs in urban and rural areas.Second,according to the different actual conditions in urban and rural areas,the corresponding government-led support policies for family caregivers should be established,and the support for family care methods should be improved by renting rehabilitation equipment,subsidizing the purchase of care equipment,and centralized care for disabled rural elderly people.Thirdly,we should reasonably distinguish the functional orientation of different care services in urban and rural areas,support the improvement of long-term care services in communities,and promote the effectiveness and diversity of community care service supply.Fourth,expand the urban long-term care insurance pilot,try to explore the rural nursing insurance system model,as soon as possible to consider the long-term care insurance into the social insurance system,and comprehensively strengthen the disabled elderly pension treatment.