Research On The Changes Of The Basic-level People’s Congress Deputies Election System

In 2020,the National People’s Congress carried out a new round of amendments to the "Electoral Law",and made new regulations on the election system of deputies to the National People’s Congress.The election of deputies at the grassroots level in my country has always been an important topic of concern.As a special group of our country,deputies to grassroots people’s congresses have powers and have important missions.They are elected by the people and serve the people.At the same time,they are the object of the election system for deputies to grassroots people’s congresses formulated by the National People’s Congress.Because of the high degree of particularity of deputies to grassroots people’s congresses,the election system for deputies to grassroots people’s congresses has received great attention from all walks of life during the more than sixty years of design and operation.Only by establishing a sound grassroots people’s congress election system can the election work be fair and reasonable,and grassroots people’s congress deputies who listen to people’s opinions and care about the people’s livelihood can be elected,and can serve the people while strengthening the construction of local power and promoting the better development of the people’s congress system.This article first introduces historical institutionalism and the theoretical tools of institutional analysis used in this article: path dependence theory,key node theory,gradual change theory,and analyzes the compatibility of its institutional analysis paradigm with our country’s grassroots people’s congress election system.Then,with the previous revisions of the Electoral Law as the key node,the historical evolution of the election system of my country’s grassroots people’s congresses is divided into three stages: the system generation stage(divided into the first half and the second half);the system adjustment stage(also divided into the sharp Change period,recovery period,adaptation period);system standardization stage.Next,it analyzes the five factors that promote institutional changes based on the historical institutionalist perspective:political and economic environmental factors,"representative" ideal factors,political actors,international environmental factors,and community groups.Through the interpretation and interpretation of legal text revisions,The analysis of local people’s congress election practice,expounds the path dependence and characteristics of the election system of the grassroots people’s congress in our country in the process of institutional changes,and discusses the gradual changes and mechanisms of the constituency division mechanism and candidate nomination mechanism.Finally,combining the previous comprehensive analysis of the dynamics,path dependence and gradual changes of the grassroots people’s congress election system,we put forward suggestions for improving the grassroots people’s congress election system: grasping the balance point of dependence and change requires reducing the inertia of path dependence and promoting institutional changes through innovation;To improve the election mechanism,it is necessary to focus on the constituency division mechanism and the candidate nomination mechanism,while appropriately expanding the scale of competitive elections,and formulating detailed rules with strong operability;enhancing the vitality of system changes can be achieved by changing the "representative" concept factors and the factors of political actors Starting from the three perspectives of community and group factors,it provides some ideas for the reform of the election system of the People’s Congress of our country.